有机液肥对赣南脐橙园土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响  

Effects of liquid organic fertilizer on soil aggregates and organic carbon distribution in navel orange orchard in Southern Jiangxi

作　　者：赖金平 姚锋先[1] 徐丽红 张永浩 陈蓉 郭家乾 LAI Jin-ping;YAO Feng-xian;XU Li-hong;ZHANG Yong-hao;CHEN Rong;GUO Jia-qian(College of Life Sciences,Gannan Normal University,National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学生命科学学院,国家脐橙工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第6期16-24,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760606);江西省重点研发项目(20181BBF60011)。

摘　　要：研究有机液肥灌溉施用对脐橙园土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响,为赣南脐橙园有机液肥灌溉施用技术提供理论依据。在大田条件下开展有机液肥灌溉施肥试验,设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥溶液(T1)、单施植物源有机液肥(T2)、50%化肥N+50%植物源有机液肥N(T3)4个处理,每个处理6次重复,每年4~10月期间,每10~15 d灌溉施肥1次,不同处理每次灌溉施肥量相同,连续处理2年后采集0~15 cm土层土样进行团聚体及其有机碳含量的测定;研究了有机液肥灌溉施肥模式对土壤机械稳定性团聚体和水稳性团聚体组成、团聚体稳定性、团聚体有机碳含量的影响。结果表明:与T1相比,T2和T3处理均显著提高了土壤>0.25 mm机械稳定性和水稳定性团聚体含量,其中机械稳定性团聚体分别显著增加了13.57%和11.87%,而水稳定性团聚体差异不显著。T2、T3处理机械稳定性团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)较T1处理分别显著提高了21.15%、15.38%和33.85%、29.23%,而T1、T2、T3处理水稳定性团聚体MWD和GMD均无显著差异。同时,T2和T3处理优化了土壤团聚体有机碳含量与分布,较大幅度提高土壤总有机碳和大团聚体(>0.25 mm)有机碳含量。相关性分析表明,MWD、GMD与>0.25 mm团聚体含量均呈线性正相关,分形维数与>0.25 mm团聚体含量呈线性负相关。团聚体MWD、GMD与>2 mm团聚体有机碳含量均呈显著正相关。由此可见,有机液肥灌溉施用促进了脐橙园土壤大团聚体的形成,改善了土壤结构稳定性,提高了土壤总有机碳和大团聚体有机碳含量。This study aimed to explore the effects of the application of organic liquid fertilizer on the soil aggregates and the distribution of organic carbon in the navel orange orchard and provide basis for the organic fertilizer application technology.The organic liquid fertilizer irrigation and fertilization experiments was carried out under field conditions,4 treatments were set up:no fertilization(CK),single application of chemical fertilizer solution(T1),single application of vegetal organic liquid fertilizer(T2),50%chemical fertilizer N+50%vegetal organic liquid fertilizer N(T3).Each treatment had six replicates,fertilizer was applied with irrigation with the same amount fertilizer for each treatment and each time every 10~15 days from April to October.After continuous experiment for 2 years,soil samples of 0~15 cm soil layer were collected to determinate the soil aggregates and the content of organic carbon in all sizes of soil aggregate.The influence of the fertilization mode of organic fertilizer on the composition of soil mechanical stable aggregates and water stable aggregates,aggregate stability,the organic carbon content of soil aggregates and its contribution rate were studied.The results showed that,compared with T1,T2 and T3 treatments significantly increased the content of soil>0.25 mm mechanical stable aggregates and water stable aggregates,in which the mechanical stable aggregates increased by 13.57%and 11.87%,respectively,while the water stable aggregates had no significant difference.The mean mass diameter(MWD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)of mechanical stable aggregates in T2 and T3 treatments were significantly increased by 21.15%,15.38%and 33.85%,29.23%compared with T1 treatment,respectively,while there was no significant difference in MWD and GMD of water stable aggregates in T1,T2 and T3 treatments.At the same time,T2 and T3 treatments optimized the content and distribution of soil aggregate organic carbon,and significantly increased the content of total organic carbon and large aggregate(>0.

关 键 词：有机液肥 灌溉施肥 脐橙 土壤团聚体 有机碳 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学] S152[农业科学—园艺学] S153.6