中国绿色建筑实践对SDGs的贡献及其测量方法  

Green Building Practices in China:Performance Measurement and Contributions to Sustainable Development Goals

作　　者：梁莉华 温宝华 严建伟[1] LIANG Lihua;WEN baohua;YAN Jianwei

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]湖南大学建筑与规划学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第7期10-19,共10页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(52108010):当代农居的自发性绿色改造策略及其优化方法研究——以冀南地区“棚院子”现象为例;国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878436):生命周期环境影响和成本耦合目标下的参数化建筑设计方法研究;高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13011):低碳城市与建筑创新引智基地项目。

摘　　要：绿色建筑因具有减少能源与材料使用、降低温室气体排放等优点而被广泛实践。然而,在全球加速实施联合国2030可持续发展议程的当前,尚缺乏关于我国绿色建筑实践对可持续发展目标(SDGs)推动作用的讨论。在借鉴相关研究思路的基础上,通过适当调整和优化,确定了研究框架和方法:首先,以我国的《绿色建筑评价标准》为桥梁,以德国DGNB所提供的评价指标与SDGs相关性的定性描述为基准;然后,借助德尔菲法和层次分析法,将指标与SDGs之间的定性关系进行补充和定量转化;再将我国绿色建筑评价指标的权重与定量分析结果相结合,得到我国绿色建筑对SDGs贡献的一般性特征;最后,将绿色建筑认证项目的指标得分率,与其评价标准对SDGs的贡献相结合,得到特定绿色建筑对SDGs贡献的个性特征。结果显示,拟议方法可有效测量《绿色建筑评价标准》及其认证项目对SDGs的贡献,进而反映了我国绿色建筑实践对SDGs贡献的一般性和个性特征。具体而言,《绿色建筑评价标准》及认证案例对不同SDGs的贡献有所差异,但两者对SDG12(可持续消费与生产)、SDG7(能源保障与清洁能源)和SDG6(饮水安全)的贡献均较为突出。厘清我国绿色建筑实践对SDGs的贡献将有利于利益相关者更加积极地采纳绿色建筑,进而促进我国加速实现SDGs。Green buildings are widely used as they can reduce energy use,material use and greenhouse gas emissions compared with conventional buildings.The UN 2030 Agenda is being increasingly implemented worldwide.However,there is still a lack of discussion on the role of China’s green building practices in achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).With reference to relevant research,a research framework and method for green building optimization are presented in this paper.Firstly,China’s Assessment Standard for Green Buildings was used as a bridge,while evaluation indexes provided by German Green Building Certification System and qualitative descriptions related to SDGs were used as criteria.Secondly,the qualitative relationship between indexes and SDGs was supplemented and transformed into a quantitative analysis using the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process.Thirdly,the general characteristics of the contributions to SDGs by China’s green buildings were determined by combining weighted evaluation indexes with the quantitative analysis results.Finally,the individual characteristics of the contributions of specific green buildings to SDGs were gained using indexes of the green building certification project.The results show that the proposed method can effectively measure the contributions of the Assessment Standard for Green Buildings and related certification programs to the SDGs,thus reflecting the universality and individual characteristics of the contributions made by China’s green building practices.Specifically,the Assessment Standard for Green Buildings and identification projects have made different contributions to different SDGs.However,both have made remarkable contributions to SDG12(sustainable consumption and production),SDG7(energy guarantee and clean energy)and SDG6(drinking water safety).Disclosing the contributions of China’s green building practices to the SDGs can encourage stakeholders to adopt green buildings,thereby facilitating China in achieving these goals.

关 键 词：绿色建筑 可持续发展目标(SDGs) 评价标准 绿色认证 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]