黄河水权转让的探索实践与发展方向  

Practices of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin and future development

作　　者：张文鸽[1] 殷会娟[1] 何一帆 Zhang Wenge;Yin Huijuan;He Yifan

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003

出　　处：《中国水利》2022年第13期23-26,共4页China Water Resources

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2020-17);国家自然科学基金项目(51979119)。

摘　　要：在黄河水资源供需矛盾日益尖锐的情况下,为实现工业项目建设与农业灌区灌溉渠系节水改造的“双赢”,水利部黄河水利委员会与流域内有关省(自治区)积极进行黄河水权转让的探索与实践。在黄河水权转让探索实践的基础上,分析了黄河水权转让制度体系的五大组成部分,即技术审查制度、节水效果评估制度、行政审批制度、组织实施与监督管理制度、水权转让节水工程核验制度。从保障了经济社会发展用水需求、提高了灌区水资源利用效率、拓宽了灌区节水改造融资渠道、保障了农民合法用水权益、提高了水资源利用效益及对灌区的生态影响较小等方面,阐述了黄河水权转让的实施效果。黄河水权转让的实践尽管取得了一定的成效,但还存在一些问题需要流域机构和省(自治区)在水权转让实践中进一步探索,提出了黄河水权转让的发展方向。Due to the water demand over supply in the Yellow River,the Yellow River Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources and relevant provinces(autonomous regions)in the basin have explored ways of transferring water rights,in order to realize“win-win”for both industrial construction and water-saving rehabilitation of irrigation systems.Based on practices of water right trading of the Yellow River water,five components of water right transfer system are proposed:technical review,water-saving evaluation of water-saving outcome,administrative examination and approval,organization,implementation,supervision and management,and verification of water right transfer.The benefits of water right transfer are analyzed from the aspects of safeguarding water use of economic and social development,improving efficiency of water utilization,widening channel of financing for water-saving rehabilitation of irrigation districts,ensuring the legitimation of water rights and interests of farmers,maximizing benefits of water utilization with less ecological impact on irrigation districts.Although achievements have been made in water rights transfer,there are still some problems need to be addressed by river basin authority and provinces(autonomous regions).Finally the development direction of water rights transfer of the Yellow River water is put forward.

关 键 词：黄河 水资源 供需矛盾 水权转让 制度建设 实施效果 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]