木薯茎叶与不同比例王草和菠萝皮混合青贮对海南黑山羊育肥效果的影响  

Effects of mixed silage of cassava stem and leaves with different proportions of king grass and pineapple peel on fattening effect of Hainan black goats

作　　者：张雨书 程诚 李茂[3] 夏万良[3] 周汉林[4] 吕仁龙 张洁[3] ZHANG Yushu;CHENG Cheng;LI Mao;XIA Wanliang;ZHOU Hanlin;LYU Renlong;ZHANG Jie(Academy of Forestry,Hainan University,Danzhou 571737,China;Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Proving Ground,Danzhou 571737,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Zhanjiang Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang 524013,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学林学院,海南億州571737 [2]中国热带农业科学院试验场,海南儋州571737 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101 [4]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524013

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第7期15-21,共7页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2020106);2022年中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630032022014)。

摘　　要：旨在探究木薯茎叶与不同比例王草和菠萝皮混合青贮对发酵品质和山羊饲养效果的影响。试验木薯茎叶设定比例均为30%,根据不同比例的王草和菠萝皮添加量设定4个组,即:对照组、处理一组、处理二组和处理三组,木薯茎叶∶王草∶菠萝皮比例分别为30∶70∶0、30∶60∶10、30∶50∶20和30∶40∶30。将上述比例原料充分混合后,真空密闭发酵60 d。选取4只平均体重(19.6±0.7)kg的健康黑山羊,分别等比例取其瘤胃液混合后与缓冲液1∶2混合,体外培养6 h,分析瘤胃液发酵参数和干物质消化率。选择育肥期海南黑山羊28只均分为4组,平均体重为(8.6±0.22)kg,日龄(92.3±5.61)。预试期10 d,正试期饲喂上述青贮料60 d,测定其育肥效果和血清参数。结果表明,随着菠萝皮比例的增加,各处理组pH值显著低于对照组4.62(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量呈先上升再下降的趋势;菠萝皮添加组的挥发性氨态氮/总氮比例显著低于对照组(P<0.05);经体外培养后,菠萝皮处理组的干物质消化率比对照组显著提高(P<0.05),最大提高46%;处理二组的日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且血液参数指标显示无不良影响。研究表明,处理二组日增重与处理一组差异并不显著,综合试验结果与实际产量及生产应用来看,在木薯茎叶和王草混合青贮中,添加少量菠萝皮可以显著提升青贮料品质和育肥效果,其添加量在10%~20%较适宜。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mixed silage of cassava stem and leaves with different proportions of Pennisetum purpureum×P.americanum cv.Reyan No.4(king grass)and pineapple peel on fermentation quality and feeding effect of goats. The ratio of stem and leaf of cassava was set at 30%, and four groups were set according to different proportions of king grass and pineapple peel addition, namely, cassava stem and leaves∶King grass∶pineapple peel=30∶70∶0(control group), 30∶60∶10(treatment 1), 30∶50∶20(treatment 2), 30∶40∶30(treatment 3). After the above proportion of raw materials were fully mixed, vacuum fermentation lasted for 60 days. Four black goats with similar weight were selected. Rumen fluid was mixed with buffer 1∶2 in the same proportion,and cultured in vitro for 6 h to analyze fermentation parameters and dry matter digestibility of rumen fluid. Twenty-eight Hainan black goats average body weight:( 8. 6± 0. 22) kg,age:( 92. 3± 5. 61) d in fattening stage were selected,fed the silage for 10 days in pre-feeding period and 60 days in normal feeding period. The fattening effect and serum parameters were determined. The results showed that with the increase of pineapple peel,the p H of silage fermentation was significantly lower than that of control group 4. 62( P<0. 05),lactic acid content significantly decreased( P<0. 05). The contents of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid increased first and then decreased. The ratio of volatile ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen in pineapple peel supplemental group was significantly lower than that in control group( P<0. 05). After In vitro,the dry matter digestibility of pineapple skin treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group( P<0. 05),the maximum increase of 46%. The daily gain of Hainan black goats fed with pineapple peel mixed silage was significantly higher than that of control group( P<0. 05),and blood parameters showed no adverse effects. In conclusion,adding a small amount of pinea

关 键 词：木薯茎叶 混合青贮 发酵品质 海南山羊 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]