情绪智力对大学生情境选择过程影响的性别差异  

Gender differences in the influence of emotional intelligence on the situation selection among college students

作　　者：卢玺 吴燕[2] Lu Xi;Wu Yan(Department of Psychology,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China;Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院心理学院,成都610500 [2]成都医学院四川应用心理学研究中心,成都610500

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2022年第6期553-560,共8页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：四川省应用心理学研究中心重点项目(CSXL-171002)。

摘　　要：目的考察不同性别下情绪智力(emotional intelligence,EI)对大学生情境选择过程的影响。方法采用情绪智力问卷对成都某大学学生416人进行测查,根据分数高低筛选出高情绪智力(高EI)42人和低情绪智力(低EI)42人作为试验预选被试。排除放弃试验的被试并兼顾男女,选出参加试验的被试共计40人,其中高EI组20人(男性10人,女性10人),低EI组20人(男性10人,女性10人);利用情境图片选择任务,分别记录被试观看情境图片的眼动数据和再次选择情境图片的反应时;采用R语言Bruce R包进行三因素方差分析,如有交互作用再进行事后简单效应分析。结果(1)在情境图片选择前,女性高EI组观看负性情境图片的眼跳幅度显著大于低EI组[(2.79±1.58)°,(2.46±0.85)°,F_((1,36))=7.39,P=0.007];男性高EI组的眼跳幅度小于男性低EI组[(2.00±0.83)°,(2.17±0.85)°,F_((1,36))=6.58,P=0.011]。女性高EI组的眼跳速度显著快于低EI组[(98.93±35.60)°/s,(92.81±20.56)°/s,F_((1,36))=8.39,P=0.004];男性高EI组的眼跳速度显著慢于低EI组[(79.35±18.55)°/s,(85.11±18.53)°/s,F_((1,36))=6.70,P=0.01]。女性高EI组在负性情绪图片的注视时间显著短于低EI组[(2654.7±530.85)ms,(2877.87±205.44)ms,F_((1,36))=30.38,P<0.001];男性高EI组则在正情绪图片的注视时间显著短于低EI组[(2839.74±405.34)ms,(2932.83±228.07)ms,F_((1,36))=9.46,P=0.002]。女性在负性图片的注视数目显著少于男性[(9.43±2.31)个,(10.24±2.05)个,F_((1,36))=21.49,P<0.01]。(2)在选择情境图片时,女性高EI组选择回看正性、中性图片反应时短于低EI组[正性:(726.79±329.12)ms,(924.51±758.34)ms,F_((1,36))=9.07,P=0.003;中性:(783.46±543.54)ms,(962.44±463.57)ms,F_((1,36))=6.23,P=0.013];男性高EI组选择再次回看的反应时间长于低EI组,但仅在观看中性图片时差异有统计学意义[(1092.29±905.52)ms,(871.27±461.68)ms,F_((1,36))=9.07,P=0.002]。结论不同性别情绪智力对情境选择过程的�Objective To investigate the effect of emotional intelligence(EI)in situation selection among college students under different gender.Methods Using the emotional intelligence scale to test 416 students from an university in Chengdu,and 42 students(high emotional intelligence:high EI)and 42 students(low emotional intelligence:low EI)were selected as preselected subjects according to their scores.A total of 40 subjects,including 20 in the high EI group(10 males and 10 females)and 20 in the low EI group(10 males and 10 females),were selected to participate in the experiment by excluding subjects who gave up the experiment and taking into account both genders.Using the emotion picture selection task,the eye movement data of the subjects watching the situation picture and the reaction time of selecting the situation picture again were recorded respectively.The R language Bruce R package was used for three-factor analysis of variance.If there was interaction effect,the post simple effect analysis was carried out.Results(1)About the eye-movement data before picture selection,the females with higher EI scores had significantly greater saccade amplitude when viewing negative pictures than the females with lower EI scores((2.79±1.58)°,(2.46±0.85)°,F_((1,36))=7.39,P=0.007),and the males with high EI scores had less saccade amplitude when viewing all pictures than the males with low EI scores((2.00±0.83)°,(2.17±0.85)°,F_((1,36))=6.58,P=0.011).The females with high EI scores had a significantly faster saccade velocity than the females with low EI scores((98.93±35.60)°/s,(92.81±20.56)°/s,F_((1,36))=8.39,P=0.004),and the males with high EI scores had a significantly slower saccade velocity than the males with low EI scores((79.35±18.55)°/s,(85.11±18.53)°/s,F_((1,36))=6.70,P=0.01).The females with high EI scores had a significantly shorter fixation duration for negative emotional pictures than the females with low EI scores((2654.7±530.85)ms,(2877.87±205.44)ms,F_((1,36))=30.38,P<0.001),and the males with high E

关 键 词：情绪智力 性别差异 情境选择 眼动追踪技术 大学生 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]