2A14铝合金圆锭质量对锻件组织和性能的影响  

Influence of 2A14 Aluminum Alloy Round Ingot Quality on Microstructure and Properties of Forgings

作　　者：姚梦 王恒强 淡婷 张文学 周世杰 YAO Meng;WANG Hengqiang;DAN Ting;ZHANG Wenxue;ZHOU Shijie(Forging Workshop of Capital Aerospace Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100076,China;Forging Division,Tianjin Aerospace Long March Technology and Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300462,China)

机构地区：[1]首都航天机械有限公司锻造车间,北京100076 [2]天津航天长征技术装备有限公司锻造事业部,天津300462

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2022年第9期35-39,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(18ZXCLGX00040)。

摘　　要：为了解决不同规格2A14铝合金圆锭经相同工艺制造的某筒形锻件组织性能差异大的问题,通过成分检测、组织观察、力学性能测试分析铸锭质量,并探究铸锭质量对锻件组织性能的影响。结果表明,铸锭规格影响铸锭质量,大规格铸锭偏析严重、第二相集聚、晶粒度大、性能水平低、性能均匀性差,故在高径比合理范围内应选择小规格铸锭;对不同规格的铸锭采用相同工艺制造某2A14筒形锻件,φ630 mm规格铸锭对应的锻件组织均匀、第二相弥散分布,强度比φ830 mm规格铸锭对应的锻件高20 MPa,伸长率更是其2倍,故铸锭质量是影响锻件组织性能的重要因素;对大规格铸锭制造的锻件进行重复热处理,能够在一定程度上提高强度及塑性,但性能仍与小规格铸锭制造的锻件有较大差距。In order to solve the problem of big difference in microstructure and properties of a cylindrical forging manufactured by the same process with different specifications of 2A14 aluminum alloy round ingots, the quality of cast ingot was analyzed by means of composition detection, microstructure observation and mechanical property test, and the influence of the cast ingot quality on the microstructure and properties of forgings was explored. The results show that the specification of ingot affects the quality of ingot, and the large-sized ingot has serious segregation, second phase agglomeration, large grain size, low performance level and poor performance uniformity, so small-sized ingot should be selected within the reasonable range of height-diameter ratio. For a 2A14 aluminum alloy cylindrical forging manufactured by the same process with ingots of different specifications,the forging corresponding to φ630 mm ingot has uniform microstructure and dispersed second phase. And its strength is 20 MPa higher than that of φ830 mm ingot, and its elongation is 2 times that of φ830 mm ingot. So the quality of ingot is an important factor affecting the microstructure and properties of forgings. Repeated heat treatment of forgings made from large-sized ingots can improve the strength and plasticity to a certain extent, but the properties are still far behind those made from small-sized ingots.

关 键 词：2A14铝合金 铸锭规格 铸锭质量 锻件 组织性能 

分 类 号：TG319[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]