煤矿巷道底板锚固孔钻渣导升运移规律及影响因素研究  

Study on migration rules and influencing factors of the fragments ascending during boreholes drilling rock in coal mine roadw ay floors

作　　者：付孟雄 刘少伟[1,4] 贾后省 姜彦军[5] 卢运海 FU Mengxiong;LIU Shaowei;JIA Housheng;JIANG Yanjun;LU Yunhai(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Postdoctoral Station of Safety Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Henan Key Laboratory for Green and Efficient Mining&Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization,Jiaozuo,Henan 454000,China;Xinzheng Coal Electricity,Zhengzhou Coal Industry Group,Xinzheng,Henan 451100,China;Sichuan Huayingshan Longtan Coal and Electricity Co Ltd,Guang'an,Sichuan 638600,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学安全科学与工程博士后流动站,河南焦作454000 [3]河南省矿产资源绿色高效开采与综合利用重点实验室,河南焦作454000 [4]煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南焦作454000 [5]郑州煤炭工业集团新郑煤电有限责任公司,河南新郑451100 [6]四川华蓥山龙滩煤电有限责任公司,四川广安638600

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2022年第3期584-597,共14页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52104083,52074102);河南省矿产资源绿色高效开采与综合利用重点实验室开放基金项目(KCF202003);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22A440004);河南省高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(NSFRF210308)。

摘　　要：煤矿巷道底板锚固孔钻进是利用锚杆(索)控制底鼓的关键环节,成孔质量与锚固效果成正比。长期以来,底板小孔径下向孔钻进排渣困难是高质量快速成孔的瓶颈问题;因此,明晰钻渣在狭小空间内的运移规律对提高排渣效率至关重要。利用理论分析及多相流数值仿真方法研究底板小孔径锚固孔钻渣运移特征和影响因素。结果表明:配合泵送条件下的正循环排渣较泵吸反循环具有更高的排渣效率;正循环排渣过程中,钻头中心孔附近钻渣会进行上下螺旋往复运动,中心孔外围钻渣在绕流阻力、浮力和自重作用下先进行减速运动,进入钻杆与孔壁的环形通路后又呈现出类匀速向上的运动状态;现有两翼式钻头结构均存在一定钻渣集中区域,这些区域的存在会对钻渣造成能量损失;钻杆截面形状对排渣效果具有显著影响,四棱钻杆在排渣过程中表现出较好的工作性能,钻孔深度及钻渣粒径与排渣效率呈负相关;在钻孔存在倾角时,钻渣会在下半侧孔壁处集聚,提高钻杆转速能够提高钻渣聚集区域偏转速度,避免钻渣沿下部孔壁形成带状聚集。研究成果可为巷道底板小孔径锚固孔排渣方式选择、排渣动力参数设定、钻具结构优化提供理论依据,对于实现底板小孔径锚固孔快速高质量形成具有一定理论价值。Borehole drilling is required if floor heave in underground mines is to be controlled using bolts or cables through the floor. The quality of borehole is proportional to the anchoring effect. A major factor that can reduce borehole quality is the difficulty of discharging rock fragments from a small diameter borehole drilled at a downward angle. Therefore, a fuller understanding of the fragment moving characteristics in the tight space will aid attempts to improve the discharge efficiency. For the paper, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of multiphase flow were adopted to analyze the moving characteristics and its influence factors of the fragments during the process of floor small-diameter borehole drilling. The results indicate that the discharge efficiency of the fragments of positive circulation is higher than that of negative circulation. In the process of positive circulation, the fragments around the center hole of the bit move up and down in spiral reciprocating motion. Under the action of flow resistance, buoyancy and self-weight, the fragments on the periphery of the center hole of the bit slow down firstly, and then translates upwards with quasi-uniform motion since they enter the annular path between drill pipe and hole wall. There are some fragments concentration areas in the existing two-wing drill bit, which will cause energy loss to the fragments. The shape of drill rod cross-section has a significant impact on the fragments discharging, and the quadrangular drill rod has a good performance in the process of fragments discharging. There is a negative correlation between the drilling depth and the fragment diameter with fragment discharging effect. For the borehole with a certain inclination, the fragments gather in the lower half of the hole wall. Improving the rotation rate of the drill rod can increase the deflection rate of the fragment concentration areas, reducing the fragments concentration. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of discharge mode,

关 键 词：锚杆支护 底鼓控制 底板锚固孔 钻渣运移规律 多相流数值仿真 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]