正丁烷异构化酸性催化剂及反应机理研究进展  

Research Progress of Acidic Catalysts for n-butane Isomerization and Reaction Mechanism

作　　者：张文芳 王鹏照 孟兆会 葛海龙 杨涛 ZHANG Wen-fang;WANG Peng-zhao;MENG Zhao-hui;GE Hai-Long;YANG Tao(Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals,Dalian Liaoning 116100,China;National Engincering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院,辽宁大连116045 [2]福州大学化肥催化剂国家工程研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《当代化工》2022年第4期922-927,共6页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目,基于氢溢流机理的双金属耐硫型烷烃异构化催化剂的设计和可控制备(项目编号:21902028)。

摘　　要：正丁烷异构化制备异丁烷技术是提升碳四资源综合利用水平的关键,而该技术的研发重点在于新型非贵金属正丁烷异构化催化剂的开发以及反应机理的研究。对氧化锆、分子筛和杂多酸3种酸性单功能催化剂研究进展进行总结,明确了高活性异构化催化剂的特征;通过对比分析得出硫酸化氧化锆是最具工业化潜力的非贵金属环保型异构化催化剂,并指出进一步提高异丁烷选择性以及减缓反应初始阶段催化剂的失活速率是实现工业化应用须解决的技术难题。正丁烷异构化过程单双分子反应同时发生,单双分子反应比例取决于所采用的催化剂性质和反应条件,从而为进一步提高异丁烷选择性提供理论指导。Isomerization of n-butane is the key to improve the utilization of C;. The research and development of this technology focus on the development of new non-noble metal n-butane isomerization catalysts and the study of reaction mechanisms. In this article, the research progress of three acidic monofunctional catalysts of zirconia, zeolites and heteropoly acid was reviewed, and the characteristics of high-activity isomerization catalysts were clarified.Through comparative analysis, it was concluded that sulfated zirconia was the non-precious metal environmentally friendly isomerization catalyst with the most industrialization potential. It was pointed out that further improving the selectivity of isobutane and slowing down the deactivation rate of the catalyst in the initial stage of the reaction were the solutions to achieve industrial application. In the process of n-butane isomerization, monomolecular and bimolecular pathways occur simultaneously, and the contribution of monomolecular and bimolecular pathways depends on the nature of the catalyst and reaction conditions, which provides theoretical guidance for further improving the selectivity of isobutane.

关 键 词：正丁烷异构化 催化剂 反应机理 异丁烷选择性 

分 类 号：TE624.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]