组合表面Bragg散射模型共极化SAR海表面风速反演  

Ocean surface wind speed retrieve from co-polarized SAR using composite surface bragg scattering model

作　　者：方贺 杨劲松 樊高峰[1] 李超[3] 史达伟 William Perrie FANG He;YANG Jingsong;FAN Gaofeng;LI Chao;SHI Dawei;WILLIAM Perrie(Zhejiang Climate Centre,Hangzhou 310051,China;State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics,Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,China;Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory,Nanjing 210008,China;Lianyungang Meteorological Observatory,Lianyungang 222002,China;Fisheries&Oceans Canada,Bedford Institute of Oceanography,Dartmouth NS B2Y 4A2,Canada)

机构地区：[1]浙江省气候中心,杭州310051 [2]自然资源部第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,杭州310012 [3]江苏省气象台,南京210008 [4]连云港市气象局,连云港222002 [5]加拿大海洋渔业部贝德福德海洋研究所,达特茅斯NSBY24A2

出　　处：《遥感学报》2022年第6期1274-1287,共14页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(编号:LQ21D060001);国家自然科学基金(编号:42176180);浙江省气象局科技项目(编号:2021YB07);江苏省气象局重点项目(编号:KZ201901);风云卫星先行计划(编号:FY-APP-2021.0105);中国气象局创新发展专项(编号:CXFZ2022J040);卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室项目(编号:QNHX2012,QNHX2222)。

摘　　要：组合表面布拉格散射模型CSBS(Composite Surface Bragg Scattering)由布拉格(Bragg)散射模型和几何光学模型组成,是海洋微波散射的经典模型,可用于星载合成孔径雷达SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)海表面风场反演。研究指出,Bragg散射模型仅适用于中等入射角条件,几何光学模型则更适用于小入射角情形。然而,如何确定中等和小入射角的阈值,即CSBS模型最优入射角的选取目前尚无定论。基于142景成像于美国东西海岸和中国东海的RADARSAT-2精细四极化SAR影像数据和海洋浮标数据,本文提出了一种最优局地入射角查找算法,分别对VV和HH极化SAR数据进行最优入射角阈值的选取。结果显示,局地入射角14°和16°分别为VV和HH极化影像CSBS模型反演风速最优入射角。基于最优入射角的选取,本文在0—15 m/s海况区间内利用CSBS模型对VV和HH极化SAR影像开展风速反演实验,并将反演风速与浮标风速进行对比。结果显示,基于VV和HH极化数据的CSBS模型反演风速与浮标风速均方根误差分别为2.15 m/s和2.32 m/s,相关系数分别为0.79和0.75,两者具有良好的一致性。本文研究结论表明基于最优入射角设置后的CSBS模型在海面风速小于15 m/s条件下具有良好的应用性,后续研究将更加关注CSBS模型在高海况以及交叉极化SAR数据情况下的应用。Composite Surface Bragg Scattering(CSBS)model is a classical ocean microwave scattering model,which can describe the Normalized Radar Cross Section(NRCS)of microwave backscattering from a rough ocean surface.The CSBS model includes a Bragg model and a geometric optics model and can be used to retrieve ocean surface wind speed from spaceborne synthetic aperture radar(SAR).Compared with Geophysical Model Function(GMF)developed by methods of empirical statistics,the CSBS model works well at all microwave frequencies.Reports showed that geometric optics model is most suitable for small local incidence angles,whereas Bragg model tends to be best for moderate incidence angles.In other words,for local radar incidence angles that are smaller than a given angle setting,the two-scale backscattering mechanism of the sea surface is replaced by a geometric optic solution for specular reflection.However,determining the threshold for small and moderate local incidence angles is still an open question.The local incidence angle search algorithm is proposed and developed to find the optimal radar incidence angle at co-polarized(VV-and HH-polarized)channel.The modeling data for the local incidence angle search algorithm include wind speed data retrieved from 142 Canada RADARSAT-2 fine-beam quad-polarized SAR images in the east coast of America,the west coast of America,and the East China Sea.Ocean surface wind speed measured from the National Data Buoy Center(NDBC),the Environment and Climate Change Canada(ECCC)and the China State Oceanic(SOA)are considered reference wind speed.The conclusion shows that the optimal setting of 14 and 16 degrees is the optimal radar incidence angle for ocean surface wind speeds retrieve from CSBS model at VV-and HH-polarized RADARSAT-2 SAR images.Based on the optimal incidence angle setting,ocean buoy-measured wind speed data are considered references,and ocean surface wind speed is retrieved from VV-and HH-polarized RADARSAT-2 SAR data using CSBS model at 0—15 m/s wind condition.Results show that

关 键 词：遥感 电磁散射模型 合成孔径雷达 海表面风速 地球物理函数模型 

分 类 号：P715.7[天文地球—海洋科学]