2016—2020年高邮湖区血吸虫病疫情监测及防治效果  

Surveillance on epidemic situation of schistosomiasis and its control effect in Gaoyou Lake area,2016-2020

作　　者：张翠萍[1] 李倩[1] 孙道宽 ZHANG Cui-ping;LI Qian;SUN Dao-kuan(Jinhu County Station of Schistosomiasis Control,Jinhu,Jiangsu 211600,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省金湖县血吸虫病防治站,江苏金湖211600

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2022年第7期840-843,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解高邮湖区4县(市)“十三五”期间血吸虫病疫情状况及防治效果,探讨今后防治对策。方法每年3—4月份,采取系统抽样结合环境抽查法对高邮湖区开展钉螺调查;每年6—9月份,采用网捞法和稻草帘诱螺法对高邮湖区重点地段开展漂浮物和水体钉螺扩散监测。每年在血吸虫病流行季节,采用酶联免疫吸附试验或胶体染料试纸条法对高邮湖区重点人群进行血吸虫病筛查,阳性者采用Kato-katz法(1粪3检)进行病原学检查。调查统计湖区4县(市)灭螺、治疗、粪便管理、健康教育、联防联控等防治措施落实情况及效果。结果2016—2020年高邮湖区4县(市)累计查螺面积38755.10 hm^(2),发现有螺面积284.45 hm^(2),其中新发现有螺面积2.83 hm^(2)。宝应县有螺面积17.37 hm^(2),高邮市有螺面积267.08 hm^(2)。累计解剖钉螺14319只,未发现感染性钉螺。累计开展人群血清学查病114890人次,血清学阳性率0.90%。粪检查病14449人次,未发现阳性者。累计开展药物灭螺及巩固性灭螺2608.08 hm^(2),有螺面积下降了53.84%。扩大化疗970例,新建无害化厕所9座。目标人群血防知识知晓率达到95%以上。结论高邮湖区4县均达到消除血吸虫病标准,仍应做好包括血吸虫病非流行区在内的长期监测工作。Objective To understand the epidemic situation and control effect of schistosomiasis in 4 counties(cities)of Gaoyou Lake area during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,and to explore control countermeasures in the future.Methods From March to April every year,systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling method was adopted to carry out snail survey in Gaoyou Lake area.From June to September every year,the net fishing method and rice-straw curtain snail induction method were used to monitor the diffusion of floating debris and water snails in key sections of Gaoyou Lake area.In the epidemic season of schistosomiasis every year,the key population in Gaoyou Lake area was screened for schistosomiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or colloidal dye test strip method.Etiological examination was performed in persons with positive test results,and each stool sample was examined three times with Kato-Katz technique.We investigated and statistically analyzed the implementation and effect of snail control,treatment,fecal management,health education,joint prevention and control and other control measures in 4 counties(cities)of Gaoyou Lake area.Results From 2016 to 2020,the cumulative detection area with Oncomelania hupensis(O.hupensis)in four counties(cities)of Gaoyou Lake area was 38,755.10 hm^(2),and the area with O.hupensis snails was 284.45 hm^(2),including the newly-detected area with O.hupensis snails being 2.83 hm^(2).The area with O.hupensis snails in Baoying County was 17.37 hm^(2),and that in Gaoyou City 267.08 hm^(2).A total of 14,319 snails were cumulatively dissected,and no schistosome-infected snails were observed.There were 114,890 person-times of serological tests for schistosomiasis screening,and the positive rate of serological tests was 0.90%.There were 14,449 person-times of fecal tests for schistosomiasis screening,and no positive case was found.The accumulated area of snail control and consolidation snail control by molluscicides was 2,608.08 hm^(2),and the area with O.hupensis snails dec

关 键 词：血吸虫病 疫情 监测 效果 高邮湖 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]