基于中尺度气象模式分析的海陆风电场间尾流扰动影响评估  

Assessment of the Impact of Wake Interference Within Onshore and Offshore Wind Farms Based on Mesoscale Meteorological Model Analysis

作　　者：房方[1] 张效宁 姚贵山 胡阳[1] 郝雨辰 FANG Fang;ZHANG Xiaoning;YAO Guishan;HU Yang;HAO Yuchen(School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Changping District,Beijing 102206,China;State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 210017,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,北京市昌平区102206 [2]国网江苏省电力有限公司,江苏省南京市210017

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2022年第13期4848-4858,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目:基于人工智能的新能源资源分析及预测技术(NY71-20-039)。

摘　　要：海上风电在“双碳”目标的引领下快速发展,其选址布局若缺乏整体协调规划会因尾流效应损害已建成下游陆上风电场的发电量与经济效益。为提高区域资源利用率,保障风电产业的协调可持续发展,该文以中国盐城某海上风电场及相邻陆上风电场为研究对象,提出一种耦合风电场参数化方案(wind farm parameterization,WFP)和天气研究与预报模式(weather research and forecasting model,WRF)的海陆风电场间尾流扰动影响评估方法(WRF-WFP),通过比较有无海上风电场的算例输出间的差异,分析典型真实大气状况下海上风电场整体尾流强度的空间分布特性,并结合实测数据验证了WRF-WFP的有效性与参数灵敏度。量化评估了典型工况下海上风电场对下游陆上风电场的运行扰动作用的时空特性,归纳了陆上风电场的相对功率损失规律。结果表明在典型大气状况下,海上风电场的尾流可以延伸36~73km,最大宽度5.8~10km;尾流对下游陆上风电场的扰动作用在夜间的频次与强度更为显著,风速衰减达5.83%时,平均功率亏损可达15.47%。Offshore wind power has been rapidly developed to commit peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.The absence of overall coordination planning of wind farm layout may reduce the power generation and economic benefits of the existing downwind onshore wind farm.To promote the utilization of regional wind potentials and ensure the sustainable development of wind power industry,a novel method based on wind farm parameterization(WFP)and weather research and forecasting model(WRF)was introduced for assessing the impact of wake disturbances between onshore and offshore wind farms.The spatial distribution characteristics of the overall wake intensity of offshore wind farms were simulated in Yancheng,China,under typical real atmospheric conditions.The validity of the model and the sensitivity of the parameters were verified with the measured data of the wind farms.The proposed model was verified with measured wind speed and power output.The spatial and temporal characteristics interference of offshore wind farms on downstream onshore wind farms were quantitatively evaluated,and the relative power loss patterns of onshore wind farms due to wake effects were summarized.The simulation results show that the wake of the offshore wind farm can extend about 36~73km,with a maximum width of 5.8~10km;the frequency and intensity of the interference on downstream onshore wind farms power generation are more significant at night,with an average power loss of 15.47%when the wind speed deficit reaches 5.83%.

关 键 词：海上风电 尾流效应 天气研究与预报模式 风电场参数化 中尺度仿真 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]