脱毒水华蓝藻粉对硬壳蛤幼贝生长、摄食及肠道微生物的影响  

Effect of detoxified bloom cyanobacteria powder on growth,feeding and intestinal microbia of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria

作　　者：王鑫宇 戴伟 毕相东 WANG Xin-yu;DAI Wei;BI Xiang-dong

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点试验室,天津300380

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第11期46-51,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:32172978、31772857);天津市重点研发计划项目(项目编号:19YFZCSN00070);天津市教委科研计划项目(项目编号:2020ZD06);甘肃省科技计划项目民生科技专项(项目编号:21CX6NP223);中央引导地方(天津)科技发展专项(项目编号:21ZYCGSN00500)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨脱毒水华蓝藻粉在贝类养殖生产应急处置中替代微藻藻粉的可行性。以螺旋藻粉和盐藻粉作为对照组,研究脱毒水华蓝藻粉对硬壳蛤幼贝生长、摄食、肠道微生物多样性及微囊藻毒素(MCs)蓄积的影响。选择270个健康、活力较好的硬壳蛤幼贝随机分为3组,分别投喂脱毒水华蓝藻粉、螺旋藻粉和盐藻粉,每组3个重复,每个重复30个硬壳蛤幼贝。试验期30 d。结果显示:脱毒水华蓝藻粉中MCs含量为3.378μg/g,营养组成与螺旋藻粉相近。脱毒水华蓝藻粉组硬壳蛤幼贝摄食率与螺旋藻粉组差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于盐藻粉组(P<0.05);各组硬壳蛤幼贝壳长、壳宽、壳高差异均不显著(P>0.05);各组间肠道微生物种群结构未发生显著变化(P>0.05)。投喂脱毒水华蓝藻粉组硬壳蛤幼贝组织中未检测到MCs蓄积。研究表明,脱毒水华蓝藻粉具有阶段性替代微藻藻粉应用于贝类养殖生产应急处置的可行性。The experiment was to explore the feasibility of detoxifying bloom cyanobacteria powder to replace microalgae algae powder in shellfish aquaculture production emergency disposal. Using Spirulina powder and Dunaliella powder as control group, to study the effect of detoxified bloom cyanobacteria powder on growth, feeding, gut microbial diversity and accumulation of microcystins(MCs) of M. mercenaria. A total of 270 healthy M. mercenaria were randomly divided into three groups and fed with detoxified cyanobacteria powder, Spirulina powder and Dunaliella powder, with three replicates in each group and 30 M. mercenaria in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 30 d. The results showed that MCs content in detoxified cyanobacteria powder was 3.378 μg/g dry weight, whose nutrient composition was similar to that of Spirulina powder. There was no difference between detoxified cyanobacteria group and Spirulina powder group(P>0.05), but it was significantly higher than that in Dunaliella powder group(P<0.05). There were no significant difference in juvenile shell length, shell width and shell height among all groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in intestinal microbial population structure among three groups(P>0.05). No MCs accumulation was detected in tissues of juvenile clams fed with detoxified cyanobacteria powder. The study indicates that detoxified cyanobacteria powder was feasible to replace microalgae powder periodically in emergency treatment of shellfish aquaculture.

关 键 词：脱毒水华蓝藻粉 硬壳蛤幼贝 微囊藻毒素 生长 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]