河北省黄瓜主产区不同种植年限土壤理化性质变化规律  

Variation of Soil Physicochemical Properties Under Different Cultivating Years of Main Production Areas of Cucumber in Hebei Province

作　　者：贾宋楠[1] 刘胜尧[1] 杜靖辉 范凤翠[1] 郭文忠 王占武[4] JIA Songnan;LIU Shengyao;DU Jinghui;FAN Fengcui;GUO Wenzhong;WANG Zhanwu(Agricultural Information and Economic Research Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051;Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050051;Intelligent Equipment Technology Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097;Instituteof Resources and Environment,HebeiAcademy of Agriculture and ForestrySciences,hijiazhuang,Hebei050051)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业信息与经济研究所,石家庄050051 [2]河北省农林科学院,河北石家庄050051 [3]北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [4]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第12期79-85,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队资助项目(HBCT2018030205);国际科技合作基地建设专项资助项目(19396443D);河北省农林科学院创新工程资助项目(2019-3-3);河北省农林科学院博士基金资助项目(C19R1501)。

摘　　要：以河北省8个县设施黄瓜主产区不同种植年限的土壤为研究对象,采用田间调查和室内分析相结合的方法,调查研究不同地区主要根层土壤(0~40 cm)的理化性质变化规律,分析其与种植年限的关系,以期为区域设施黄瓜科学水肥管理提供参考依据。结果表明:8个地区根层土壤养分均出现过量积累现象,尤其乐亭县最为严重,硝态氮含量达278.20 mg·kg^(-1)、有效磷含量186.10 mg·kg^(-1)、速效钾含量734.73 mg·kg^(-1)、pH 6.85、电导率值769.97μS·cm^(-1)。随种植年限增加,设施黄瓜根层土壤孔隙度、团粒体含量均有明显的下降趋势,种植年限10年以上的根层土壤pH较10年前呈降低的趋势;除永清县大棚土壤有盐渍化的趋势外,其他地区土壤没有出现盐渍化。膜下沟灌使土壤趋于酸化,膜下滴灌使根层土壤可溶性盐含量增加。Taking the soil with different planting years in the main production areas of protected cucumber in 8 counties of Hebei Province as the research object, the changes of physical and chemical properties of main root layer soil(0-40 cm) in different areas were investigated and studied by using the method of field investigation and indoor analysis, and the relationship between the changes of soil physical and chemical properties and planting years was analyzed, in order to provide reference basis for scientific water and fertilizer management of regional protected cucumber.The results showed that that there was excessive accumulation of soil nutrients in root layer of 8 regions, especially in Laoting.The content of nitrate nitrogen was 278.20 mg·kg^(-1),available phosphorus was 186.10 mg·kg^(-1),available potassium was 734.73 mg·kg^(-1),pH was 6.85,EC value was 769.97 μS·cm^(-1).The pH of root soil with planting years over 10 years showed a decreasing trend compared with that before 10 years.Soil salinization did not occur in other areas except greenhouse soil in Yongqing County.Soil acidification by furrow irrigation under mulch.Soluble salt content of root soil was increased by drip irrigation under mulch.

关 键 词：设施黄瓜 种植年限 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] S152[农业科学—农业基础科学]