多方位立体化水力压裂切顶技术研究与应用  

Research and Application on Multi-dimensional and Stereoscopic Technology of Hard Roof Hydraulic Fracturing

作　　者：张荣俊 吴文达 ZHANG Rongjun;WU Wenda(Shanxi Liansheng Xizhang Mining Limited Company,Changzhi 047100,China;College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西联盛西掌煤业有限公司,山西长治047100 [2]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2022年第7期138-142,共5页Coal Technology

摘　　要：坚硬顶板不充分垮落形成的侧向悬顶是造成临空动压巷道大变形的重要因素。以西掌煤矿15102工作面为工程背景,分析了15102回风顺槽掘巷大变形的重要原因,是上区段15101工作面开采后K_(2)石灰岩形成侧向长悬顶产生的侧向高支承应力。提出了多方位立体化水力压裂切顶技术,在岩层的三维空间内形成大范围的水压裂缝,促进坚硬顶板垮落的同时可以阻断高支承应力的传递路径,切顶后侧向支承应力峰值降低20%。在15102运输顺槽开展试验,压裂产生的裂隙主要有轴向裂隙和径向裂隙2种,单孔压裂的裂缝扩展范围达10 m以上。压裂切顶后,下区段15103回风顺槽掘进的顶底板最大移近量208 mm,两帮最大移近量282 mm,降低了88%,有效地控制了动压巷道大变形。The lateral suspended roof formed by the insufficient collapse of hard roof is an important factor causing the large deformation of overhead dynamic pressure roadway.Taking 15102 panel o Xizhang coal mine as the engineering background,analyzes the important reason for the large deformation of 15102 tailgate excavation along the 15101 goaf,which is the lateral high bearing stress caused by the lateral long suspended roof formed by K_(2)limestone after mining in 15101 panel of the upper section.A multi-dimensional and stereoscopic roof hydraulic fracturing technology is proposed to form a wide range of hydraulic fractures in the three-dimensional space of rock stratum,promote the collapse of hard roof and block the transmission path of high bearing stress.The peak value of side abutment stress after roof cutting is reduced by 20%.The test was carried out in 15102 headgate.The fractures produced by fracturing mainly include axial fractures and radial fractures.The fracture expansion range of single hole fracturing is more than 10 m.After the roof was split,the maximum movement of the roof and floor of 15103 tailgate is 208 mm,and the maximum movement of the two sides is 282 mm,which is reduced by 88%,and the large deformation of the dynamic pressure roadway is effectively controlled.

关 键 词：水力压裂 动压巷道 切顶机理 裂隙形态 围岩变形 

分 类 号：TD322.5[矿业工程—矿井建设]