陕西平河梁国家级自然保护区哺乳动物调查  

Investigation and Research of Mammals in Pingheliang National Nature Reserve

作　　者：王子星 颜文博 孟祥明[3] 李冬森 王琦 WANG Zi-xing;YAN Wen-bo;MENG Xiang-ming;LI Dong-sen;WANG Qi(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723001;College of Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723001;Ningdong Forestry Bureau of Shaanxi Province,Ningshan,Shaanxi 710100)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学陕西省资源生物重点实验室 [2]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723001 [3]陕西省宁东林业局,陕西宁陕710100

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第2期9-15,共7页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：生态环境部基金项目“秦岭生物多样性保护优先区域秦岭中段南坡地区哺乳动物多样性调查与评估(2019-4-6)”。

摘　　要：哺乳动物调查研究是保护生物多样性的重要手段。为深入了解平河梁国家级自然保护区哺乳动物种类及其分布,给该保护区野生动物保护管理提供依据,2019年2月11日至2020年5月19日,在陕西平河梁国家级自然保护区布设红外相机62台进行了定位监测。累计7 428个相机工作日,捕获哺乳动物独立有效照片903张,经鉴定平河梁自然保护区内哺乳动物共计5目14科24种,其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物4种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物6种;中国特有种有4种,即川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellanae)、秦岭羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)、岩松鼠(Sciurotamias davidianus);相对多度较大的物种依次是野猪(Sus scrofa)、岩松鼠、毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)和秦岭羚牛;哺乳动物物种丰富度沿海拔高度增加,呈单峰变化趋势,即随海拔高度增加相对多度先增加后降低;物种丰富度和相对多度均呈现明显的季节差异和海拔差异。Investigation and research on mammal diversity is an important means to protect biodiversity. In order to further understand the mammal status of Pingheliang National Nature Reserve, 62 cameras were deployed in the Pingheliang National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province. From February 11, 2019 to May 19, 2020, a total of 7,428 camera working days were used to have captured a total of 903 independent and effective photos of mammals. After identification there were totally 5 orders, 14 families and 25 species of mammals. Among these animals, 4 species were listed as national class I key protected animals and 6 species were listed national class Ⅱ key protected animals. There were 4 species endemic to China, including golden snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus roxellanae), golden takin(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi), reeve’s muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi) and Pére David’s rock squirrel(Sciurotamias davidianus). The species with higher relative abundance were wild boar(Sus scrofa), Pére David’s rock squirrel, tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus), and golden takin. The mammal species richness displayed a middle peak pattern of firstly increasing and then decreasing along the altitude gradient in Pingheliang Nature Reserve. The species richness and relative abundance index(RAI) of mammals displayed significant seasonal and altitude differences. Through this survey, the population status of large and medium-sized mammals was basically learned, a foundation for the protection and management of wildlife in Pingheliang National Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：哺乳动物 种类 空间分布 红外相机 平河梁国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]