陕西安康市鸟类资源及区系分析  

Bird Resources and Fauna Analysis in Ankang City of Shaanxi

作　　者：张勇 荣海 赵宝鑫 陈余朝 ZHANG Yong;RONG Hai;ZHAO Bao-xin;CHEN Yu-chao(Qinling National Botanical Garden,Xi′an 710061;Administration of Shaanxi Hualong Mountain National Nature Reserve,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000;Ankang Forestry Technology Extension Center,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000)

机构地区：[1]秦岭国家植物园,西安710061 [2]陕西化龙山国家级自然保护区管理局 [3]安康市林业技术推广中心,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第2期16-36,43,共22页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：安康市是秦巴生物多样性的富集区、功能区和核心区,该区域鸟类资源本底调查与资料系统整理分析对生物多样性监测保护与研究具有重要意义。针对安康市因地理条件限制等原由,鸟类资源调查记录及本底相对不全面、不准确问题,在已有研究资料基础上,结合实际观测数据对安康市鸟类资源状况进行了系统整理。结果显示,安康市共记录鸟类19目73科223属421种,占我国鸟类1 491种的28.24%。其中国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类11种,Ⅱ级73种,有19种是中国特有鸟种。在区系组成上以东洋界物种为主,共187种,占物种总数的44.42%;古北界物种鸟类177种(42.04%),广布种鸟57种(13.54%),区系组成呈现明显南北过渡、相互渗透的特征。在居留型上以留鸟居多,共165种(39.19%),夏候鸟112种(26.60%),冬候鸟51种(12.11%),旅鸟87种(20.67%),迷鸟6种(1.43%)。在物种结构及生态类群上,以雀形目等小型鸣禽为主,共233种(55.34%)。本研究更新了安康市近年来的鸟类资料,为该区鸟类及生物多样性监测与保护提供了基础资料。Ankang City is the enrichment area, functional area and core area of Qinba biodiversity, and is of great significance to bird diversity research for understanding Qinba biodiversity. However, due to geographical constraints and other reasons in Ankang, the previous survey records of bird resources in this area were incomplete.Based on the existing research, this paper summarized the status of bird resources in this city.The results showed that there is a record in Ankang of total 421 species of birds belonging to 19 orders, 73 families, and 223 genera, accounting for 28.24% of the 1491 species of birds in the whole country. Among them, there are 11 species of national class I key protected birds, 73 species of class II,and 19 species are endemic to China.The floristic composition is dominated by species from the Orient, with a total of 187 species, accounting for 44.42% of the total number of species, 177 species(42.04%) of the Palaearctic species, and 57 species(13.54%) of the widespread species. It shows the characteristics of obvious north to south transition and mutual interwoven distribution. In terms of residence type, resident birds are the majority, with a total of 165 species(39.19%),112 species of summer migratory birds(26.60%), 51 species of winter migratory birds(12.11%), 87 species of migratory birds(20.67%),and 6 species of lost birds(1.43%). In terms of species composition and ecological groups, small songbirds such as passerine were the main species and a total of 233 species(55.34%) were recorded.This study updated the bird data in Ankang City for recent years, and provided basic data for the monitoring and protection of birds and biodiversity in this area.

关 键 词：安康市 鸟类 区系 分布型 名录 

分 类 号：S718.63[农业科学—林学]