陕西长青自然保护区黄额鸦雀分布及生态习性观察  

Paradoxornis fulvifrons Distribution and Ecological Habit in Changqing Nature Reserve of Shaanxi

作　　者：任文博 董伟 赵纳勋 张永文 王军 REN Wen-bo;DONG Wei;ZHAO Na-xun;ZHANG Yong-wen;WANG Jun(Shaanxi Changqing National Nature Reserve Administration, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000)

机构地区：[1]陕西长青国家级自然保护区管理局,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第3期69-72,共4页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：为全面掌握黄额鸦雀(Paradoxornis fulvifrons)在长青保护区的分布状况及其生态习性,于2019-2020年在该保护区内设定7条线路,采用固定样线调查、数码相机拍摄记录、鸣音样点法等方法对黄额鸦雀进行调查。结果表明,共观测到个体144只次,种群个体数量一般在3~21只之间;主要分布区域在大乾沟、窝窝店、桦树坪、万方沟、光头山、大坪等处。黄额鸦雀在长青保护区属留鸟,栖息于海拔1700 m以上的针阔混交林、箭竹林与灌丛,常与雀鹛类、山雀类、树莺等鸟种伴生混群。每年2月底至3月初开始求偶,4-5月开始交配营巢,巢穴常位于离地3 m左右植被密集的灌丛及箭竹混交林。6-7月开始育雏,幼鸟多以植物嫩芽、果实、种子和昆虫等为食,7月中旬偶见雏鸟离巢。本调查研究基本掌握了长青保护区黄额鸦雀及其伴生鸟类的分布、习性与活动基本情况,可为其它自然保护区及鸟类爱好者提供参考和帮助。To get to know the distribution and ecological habit of Paradoxornis fulvifrons in Changqing National Nature Reserve,methods of sampling lines,digital camera record and singing of birds were adopted from 2019 to 2020 in the nature reserve.The result showed that 144 individuals were observed,with population size from 3 to 21,mostly distributed in Daqiangou,Wowodian,Huashuping,Wanfanggou,Guangtoushan and Daping.Paradoxornis fulvifrons is nonmigratory bird in the nature reserve,inhabiting in the region above 1700m in elevation,which are broad-leaved and conifers mixed forest,arrow bamboo grove or shrubs,often associated by birds of Alcippedae,Paridae and Cettia.Courtship begins from February to March and mating in April or May.The nest is usually made in shrub or bamboo forest,3m above the ground.June to July is brooding period and your birds feed on tender bud,fruits,seeds or insects.In the middle of July,there are occasionally young birds leaving the nest.The investigation provides a lot of information about the habit,distribution and activities of Paradoxornis fulvifrons in the nature reserve.

关 键 词：黄额鸦雀 陕西长青国家级自然保护区 习性 分布 调查 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]