历史虚无主义批判的方法论借鉴——基于列宁《什么是“人民之友”以及他们如何攻击社会民主党人?》文本分析  

Methodological Reference of Historical Nihilism Criticism——Based on Analysis of the Text Who are“Friends of the People”and How They Attack the Social Democrats by Lenin

作　　者：骆丹[1] 王永友[1] Luo Dan;Wang Yongyou(School of Marxism Studies,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学马克思主义学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《学术探索》2022年第7期16-21,共6页Academic Exploration

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(17ASK018)。

摘　　要：列宁在《什么是“人民之友”以及他们如何攻击社会民主党人?》中对米海洛夫斯基等俄国自由主义民粹派分子认识社会历史尤其是俄国社会发展问题背离历史唯物主义、不能准确把握社会发展的内部规律、看不到无产阶级力量等历史唯心主义和形而上学观点进行了严厉批判,深刻阐述了社会存在决定社会历史、历史发展具有客观必然性、正确看待群众和英雄历史作用、坚持马克思辩证法等历史唯物主义思想。列宁对米海洛夫斯基等人的历史唯心主义及形而上学认识方法的批判,对于认识当代中国历史虚无主义各种表现形式及实质,更好抵制历史虚无主义,具有重要的世界观和方法论借鉴意义。In his paper,Lenin criticized severely the historical idealism and the metaphysical views of Russian liberal populists like Mikhailovsky in their understanding of social history,especially the problems of Russian social development,whose understanding deviated from historical materialism,and failed to grasp accurately the internal laws of social development and see the power of the proletariat.He also deeply expounded such historical materialist ideas as social existence determining social history,historical development having objective inevitability,the correct view of the historical role of the masses and heroes,and adherence to Marxist dialectics.Lenin's criticism of Mikhailovsky's historical idealism and metaphysical cognitive methods has important world outlook and methodological significance for understanding the various forms and essence of contemporary Chinese historical nihilism and better resisting historical nihilism.

关 键 词：列宁 历史虚无主义 批判 借鉴 

分 类 号：A821[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]