四种诱抗剂对苎麻生长发育和抗苎麻夜蛾特性的影响  

Effects of four inducers on the growth and development of ramie and its resistance to ramie moth Arcte coerula

作　　者：翟杨 罗晨 牛艳斌 汪洪鹰[1] 杨媛茹 薛召东[1] 陈佳[1] 曾粮斌[1] Zhai Yang;Luo Chen;Niu Yanbin;Wang Hongying;Yang Yuanru;Xue Zhaodong;Chen Jia;Zeng Liangbin(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410205,Hunan Province,China;Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,长沙410205 [2]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第3期809-815,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0311300);国家现代农业(麻类)产业技术体系(CARS-16-E18);国家自然科学基金(31501653);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IBFC07)。

摘　　要：为探究绿色环保的诱抗剂对苎麻生长发育以及抗苎麻夜蛾Arcte coerula特性的影响,选取4种常见且经济的诱抗剂水杨酸、几丁寡糖、壳寡糖1500和壳寡糖1000,分别设置8个浓度处理苎麻后喂食苎麻夜蛾,观察其取食叶面积,在田间处理区半人工释放苎麻夜蛾,观察其为害程度,并在收获时测量苎麻株高和原麻产量。结果表明,4种诱抗剂在适宜浓度下均能显著诱导苎麻对苎麻夜蛾的抗性,田间试验和室内试验结果的一致性较好。其中,80×10^(-6)几丁寡糖稀释液处理对苎麻的诱抗效果最高,苎麻夜蛾为害程度指数仅为8.38,其次是120×10^(-6)壳寡糖1000稀释液处理,为害程度指数为16.71,3.0 g/L壳寡糖1500处理和1.2 mmol/L水杨酸处理对苎麻的诱抗效果最低,为害程度指数分别为27.21和28.07。4种诱抗剂在适宜浓度下都能显著增加苎麻株高和原麻产量,但各诱抗剂处理的增产量无显著差异,原麻产量以40×10^(-6)壳寡糖1000稀释液处理最高,其次为2.0 g/L壳寡糖1500处理,最后为120×10^(-6)几丁寡糖稀释液处理和0.2 mmol/L水杨酸处理。以提高苎麻对苎麻夜蛾的抗性和原麻产量为评价标准,4种诱抗剂在田间综合增产和防虫功效应用中优先推荐施用80×10^(-6)~120×10^(-6)几丁寡糖稀释液和40×10^(-6)~80×10^(-6)壳寡糖1000稀释液,其次为2.0~3.0 g/L壳寡糖1500和0.8~1.2 mmol/L水杨酸。To investigate the effects of environment-friendly inducers on the growth and development of ramie and its resistance against ramie caterpillar Arcte coerula,four common economical inducers,salicylic acid,chitinoligosaccharide and chitosan oligosaccharide 1500 and 1000,were selected and divided into eight concentration gradients suitable for spray treatments.After treatment,the leaves were picked for indoor rearing of C.coerula,and the feeding areas were observed.Semi-artificial release of C.coerula in the field was then conducted to observe its damage degree to ramie.The results showed that the four agents could significantly induce the resistance of ramie against C.coerula at the appropriate concentration,and the results of field and laboratory tests were consistent.Among them,80×10^(-6) chitinoligosaccharide dilution treatment had the highest induction effect,with a harm degree index of only 8.38,followed by 120×10^(-6) chitosan oligosaccharide 1000×dilution treatment(16.71),and 3.0 g/L chitosan oligosaccharide 1500×dilution treatment and 1.2 mmol/L salicylic acid treatment had the lowest induction effect(27.21 and 28.07,respectively).There was no significant difference in the yield of ramie fiber between the four inducers at the appropriate concentrations in the field,although the optimal treatments reached a significant level compared with the control.The yield of ramie fiber was the highest in the treatment with 40×10^(-6) chitosan oligosaccharide 1000×dilution,followed by the treatment with 2.0 g/L chitosan oligosaccharide 1500×dilution,120×10^(-6) chitinoligosaccharide dilution and 0.2 mmol/L salicylic acid,in that order.To improve the resistance of ramie to C.coerula and raise the yield of ramie fiber,it was recommended that 80×10^(-6)-120×10^(-6) chitinoligosaccharide dilution and 40×10^(-6)-80×10^(-6) chitosan oligosaccharide 1000×dilution should be applied in the field,followed by 2.0-3.0 g/L chitosan oligosaccharide 1500 and 0.8-1.2 mmol/L salicylic acid.

关 键 词：苎麻夜蛾 诱导抗虫性 诱导因子 防病促生 防效 

分 类 号：S435.63[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]