陕西省小麦茎基腐病病原菌鉴定及其致病力分析  

Species identification and pathogenicity analysis of the pathogens causing wheat crown rot in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：朱运启 靳鹏飞 王峭[1] 赵小宁[2] 赵中华[3] 李强[1] 王保通[1] Zhu Yunqi;Jin Pengfei;Wang Qiao;Zhao Xiaoning;Zhao Zhonghua;Li Qiang;Wang Baotong(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;Fuping Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Fuping 711700,Shaanxi Province,China;National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]富平县农业技术推广中心,陕西富平711700 [3]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第3期824-831,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200500,2018YFD0200403);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-3-1)。

摘　　要：为明确陕西省小麦茎基腐病病原菌的组成及其致病力,于2019年小麦灌浆期在陕西省宝鸡市、咸阳市、西安市和渭南市共63个采样点采集具有茎基腐病典型症状的病株,对其进行组织分离,结合培养性状和形态学特征,以及利用ITS和EF-1α序列分析鉴定分离菌株所属类群,并对不同病原菌进行致病力分析。结果表明:共分离到224株菌株,基于形态学特征和分子生物学鉴定结果,其中201株菌株鉴定为假禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium pseudograminearum,3株菌株鉴定为禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum,14株菌株鉴定为三线镰刀菌F.tricinctum,6株菌株鉴定为层出镰刀菌F.proliferatum,其中假禾谷镰刀菌占总分离菌株的89.73%,是陕西省小麦茎基腐病的优势病原菌。不同种的镰刀菌对小麦植株均有一定的致病性,但假禾谷镰刀菌的致病力最强,而且分离自不同地区或者同一地区的假禾谷镰刀菌株间的致病力也存在一定分化。In order to clarify the composition and pathogenicity of the pathogenic fungi of wheat crown rot in Shaanxi Province,wheat samples with crown rot symptoms were collected at 63 sampling sites in Baoji,Xianyang,Xi’an and Weinan cities of Shaanxi Province during wheat filling stage in 2019.Then suspected pathogenic isolates were isolated from these samples and purified.Combining culture traits and morphological characteristics with the ITS and EF-1αsequences,the isolates were identified and pathogenicity tests were performed by inoculating wheat seedling with selected isolates under greenhouse conditions.A total of 224 pathogenic strains were isolated from symptomatic wheat crowns.Based on morphological characteristics and molecular biological identification results,201 isolates were identified as Fusarium pseudograminearum,three as F.graminearum,14 as F.tricinctum and six as F.proliferatum.Among them,F.pseudograminearum accounted for 89.73%,and was the dominant pathogen of wheat crown rot in Shaanxi Province.These species of Fusarium differed in pathogenicity to wheat plants.Among them,F.pseudograminearum,on average,had the strongest pathogenicity,but variation existed within this species among isolates of F.pseudograminearum from the different areas and from the same area.

关 键 词：小麦茎基腐病 病原菌 假禾谷镰刀菌 致病力 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]