不同小豆抗性品种对锈菌侵染的生化响应和防卫反应基因的表达特征  

Biochemical and gene expression responses of different adzuki bean cultivars to cowpea rust fungus Uromyces vignae infection

作　　者：孙伟娜 柯希望 左豫虎 徐晓丹 郭永霞 殷丽华 Sun Weina;Ke Xiwang;Zuo Yuhu;Xu Xiaodan;Guo Yongxia;Yin Lihua(Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop-Pest Interaction Biology and Ecological Control,National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学,国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,黑龙江省作物-有害生物互作生物学及生态防控重点实验室,大庆163319

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第3期864-870,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2020C034);国家自然科学基金(32102173)。

摘　　要：为探究小豆应答锈菌侵染的生理机制,以不同小豆抗性品种与豇豆单胞锈菌Uromyces vignae互作为研究对象,采用紫外分光光度法和实时荧光定量PCR技术分析锈菌侵染后不同抗性品种中防御酶活性及防卫反应基因表达的变化特征。结果表明,接种豇豆单胞锈菌后小豆抗病品种叶片内过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性均比感病品种显著提高;接种192 h后,小豆抗病品种中CAT和SOD活性最高,分别为16.93 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1)和950.89 U/g,较对照提高了496.13%和89.61%,小豆感病品种中CAT和SOD活性分别在接种192 h和120 h后达到峰值,分别为10.54 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1)和884.51 U/g,较对照增加了256.08%和55.50%,增加幅度小于抗病品种;接种12 h后,小豆抗病品种和感病品种中POD活性均达到峰值,分别为28.03 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1)和19.93 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1),分别较对照提高了340.03%和94.82%;接种192 h后,小豆抗病品种和感病品种中PPO活性均达到峰值,分别为103.80 U/g和89.22 U/g,分别较对照提高了53.23%和40.37%;豇豆单胞锈菌侵染后,小豆抗病品种中几丁质酶(chitinase,CHI)和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-glucanase,GLU)基因相对表达量均高于小豆感病品种,接种48 h后,小豆抗病品种中CHI基因表达量达到峰值,是小豆感病品种的11.18倍;接种120 h后小豆抗病品种中GLU基因达到峰值,是小豆感病品种的1.37倍。表明CAT、SOD、POD、PPO和CHI、GLU基因参与了小豆对锈菌侵染的主动防御反应。To explore the physiological mechanisms of adzuki bean response to cowpea rust fungus Uromyces vignae infection,the interactions between different resistant varieties and the rust fungus were analyzed.The defense enzyme activities and defense related gene expressions in resistant(QH1)and susceptible(BQH)varieties during U.vignae infection were characterized by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and qRT-PCR,respectively.Results showed that the activities of catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)increased more in the resistant cultivar than in the susceptible cultivar after inoculation with U.vignae.At 192 h after inoculation,CAT and SOD enzyme activities reached the highest values of 16.93 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1) and 950.89 U/g in the resistant cultivar,respectively,which increased by 496.13%and 89.61%compared with uninoculated control.However,in the susceptible cultivar,the peak value of CAT and SOD activities at 192 h and 120 h after inoculation were 10.54 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1) and 884.51 U/g,respectively,which increased by 256.08%and 55.50%compared to the control but were significantly lower than those in the resistant cultivar.Additionally,POD peak values were 28.03 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1) and 19.93 nmol·g^(-1)·s^(-1) at 12 h after inoculation in the resistant and susceptible cultivars,which increased by 340.03%and 94.82%,respectively.Meanwhile,PPO peak values were 103.80 U/g and 89.22 U/g both in the resistant and susceptible cultivars,which increased by 53.23%and 40.37%,respectively.Gene expression analysis showed that the genes encoded chitinase(CHI)andβ-1,3-glucanase(GLU)were significantly induced by U.vignae infection in the resistant cultivar other than in the susceptible cultivar.At 48 h after inoculation,the relative expression of CHI in the resistant cultivar reached its peak value,which was 11.18 times higher than in the susceptible cultivar,while the relative expression level of GLU in the resistant cultivar was 1.37 times more than in the susceptible cultivar at 1

关 键 词：小豆 豇豆单胞锈菌 过氧化氢 抗病机理 

分 类 号：S435.21[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]