贝莱斯芽胞杆菌菌株HY19对多种作物病原真菌的拮抗和对烤烟赤星病的防治作用  

Antagonism of a new strain of antagonistic bacterium Bacillus velezensis HY19 against several crop pathogenic fungi and its use in control of tobacco brown spot disease

作　　者：易婷 黄纯杨 李治模 王勇 刘东阳 彭丽媛[1] 殷洁[1] 黄建国[1] Yi Ting;Huang Chunyang;Li Zhimo;Wang Yong;Liu Dongyang;Peng Liyuan;Yin Jie;Huang Jianguo(School of Resource and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China;Guizhou Tobacco Company Zunyi Company,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou Province,China;Fenggang Tobacco Company Branch of Zunyi,Guizhou,Zunyi 564200,Guizhou Province,China;Liangshan Prefecture Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Liangshan 615000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,遵义563000 [3]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司凤冈分公司,遵义564200 [4]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,凉山615000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第3期966-974,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2017shms-xdny80084)。

摘　　要：为研制有效防治烤烟赤星病的高效安全生物农药,以云南省玉溪市烟草上筛选的贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis HY19为研究对象,通过对峙试验、发酵液和挥发性物质抑菌试验以及温室烤烟赤星病防治试验,研究该菌株对多种作物病原真菌的拮抗和对烤烟赤星病的防治作用。结果显示,在对峙培养中,菌株HY19能不同程度抑制烤烟黑胫病菌Phytophthora parasitica、松苗立枯病菌Rhizoctonia solani、辣椒疫霉病菌P.capsici、灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、小麦根腐病菌Bipolaris sorokiniana、黄瓜蔓枯病菌Mycosphaerella melonis、烤烟赤星病菌Alternaria alternata、柑橘炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporoides和油菜核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum的生长,使病菌菌丝分枝增多、膨大、畸形、扭曲,抑菌率为56.75%~100.00%。无菌发酵液显著抑制供试病菌生长和孢子萌发,增加菌丝丙二醛含量,降低蛋白质、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性。菌株HY19产生的挥发性物质也对供试病菌生长表现出明显的抑制作用。酸碱(pH 3~11)和高温(70~100℃)处理对无菌发酵液的抗菌活性无显著影响。在温室盆栽试验中,菌株HY19发酵液能预防和治疗烤烟赤星病,其防治效果与常用化学农药多抗霉素无显著差异,分别为63.31%和72.72%,并诱导烟株产生系统抗性,上调抗氧化保护酶活性,减轻病菌产生的伤害。表明菌株HY19能拮抗多种作物的病原真菌,发酵液的热和酸碱稳定性好,通过拮抗诱导烟株产生抗性等预防治疗烤烟赤星病,具有研发成为高效生防农药的潜力。To develop highly effective and safe biological pesticides and effectively control brown spot of tobacco,a new strain of antagonistic bacterium Bacillus velezensis(HY19)was isolated from tobacco soil in Yuxi,Yunnan Province,China.Serial experiments were then carried out to investigate the antagonism of B.velezensis HY19 against crop pathogenic fungi,and biocontrol of tobacco brown spot disease in a greenhouse.The confronting test results showed that B.velezensis HY19 inhibited the growth of Phytophthora parasitica,Rhizoctonia solani,P.capsici,Botrytis cinerea,Bipolaris sorokiniana,Mycosphaerella melonis,Alternaria alternata,Colletotrichum gloeosporoides and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to varying degrees.The inhibition rates ranged from 56.75%to 100.00%and at the same time,the hyphae of the pathogen appeared branching,swelling,deformity,and distortion.The cell-free fermentation broth of HY19 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of the tested pathogenic fungi.Besides,malondialdehyde concentration was increased,while protein contents and the activities superoxide dismutase and catalase in the fungal hyphae were reduced by the fermentation liquid of HY19.The volatile substances produced by HY19 also showed a significant inhibitory effect on the hyphal growth of tested pathogens.After the heat and acid and alkali treatments(70-100℃and pH 3-11,respectively),the cell-free fermentation broth varied little,if any at all,in the antagonistic activities against the pathogenic fungi tested.HY19 fermentation broth prevented and cured brown spot disease of tobacco in the greenhouse,with prevention and therapy efficacies of 63.31%and 72.72%,respectively.The application of the fermentation broth induced systemic resistance,increased the activity of antioxidant protective enzymes,and eliminated free radicals in the tobacco plants,subsequently resulting in a reduction of damage to tobacco leaves caused by A.alternata.The results indicated that HY19 inhibited serval crop pathogenic fungi.The fermentation

关 键 词：贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 植物病原真菌 烤烟赤星病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.72[农业科学—植物保护]