基于阶段变化理论的健康教育在心脏瓣膜置换术患者随访及康复中的应用  

Application of health education based on stage change theory in follow-up and rehabilitation of patients undergoing heart valve replacement

作　　者：孙倩文[1] 冯丽[2] 王艳[3] Sun Qianwen;Feng Li;Wang Yan(Follow-up Office of the Ministry of Medical Development and Social Work,Henan Provincial Chest Hospital,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Ninth Ward of Cardiac Surgery Department,Henan Provincial Chest Hospital,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Fifth Ward of Cardiology Department,Henan Provincial Chest Hospital,Zhengzhou 450008,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省胸科医院医疗事业发展和社会工作部随访办,郑州450008 [2]河南省胸科医院心外科9病区,郑州450008 [3]河南省胸科医院心内科5病区,郑州450008

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第20期2756-2760,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(LHGJ20200212)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于阶段变化理论的健康教育在心脏瓣膜置换术患者随访及康复中的应用。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年1月—2018年1月河南省胸科医院心内科收治的200例心脏瓣膜置换术患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,各100例。对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组基于阶段变化理论实施健康教育。比较两组患者干预后的用药依从性、康复状况及并发症发生率。结果观察组患者术后1年的Morisky服药依从性量表得分高于对照组,左心射血分数水平高于对照组,6 min步行距离远于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后3年的并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于阶段变化理论的健康教育有利于提高心脏瓣膜置换术患者的服药依从性,降低术后并发症发生率,改善患者术后心肺功能,促进患者康复。Objective To explore the application of health education based on stage change theory in the follow-up and rehabilitation of patients undergoing heart valve replacement.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 200 patients with heart valve replacement who were admitted to Department of Cardiology in Henan Provincial Chest Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the research objects.They were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 100 cases in each group.The control group was given routine health education,while the observation group was given health education based on stage change theory.The medication compliance,rehabilitation status and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups after intervention.Results The score of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS)of patients in the observation group at 1 year after operation was higher than that of the control group,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was higher than that of the control group and the 6-min walking distance was longer than that of the control group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the observation group at 3 years after operation was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Health education based on stage change theory is conducive to improving the medication compliance of patients undergoing heart valve replacement,reducing the incidence of postoperative complications,improving postoperative cardiopulmonary function and promoting recovery of patients.

关 键 词：心脏外科手术 心脏康复 瓣膜置换术 阶段变化理论 健康教育 随访 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]