重载铁路轨枕承轨面磨损机理及减磨措施  

Wear Mechanism and Reduction Measures of Sleeper Bearing Surface on Heavy Haul Railway

作　　者：潘振 崔树坤 尤瑞林 郄录朝 马战国 PAN Zhen;CUI Shukun;YOU Ruilin;QIE Luchao;MA Zhanguo(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-speed Railway,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2022年第7期1-4,共4页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2019YJ048)。

摘　　要：针对大秦铁路、朔黄铁路等重载铁路轨枕承轨面磨损问题,通过数值模拟分析了扣件、道床刚度对承轨面磨损的影响。结果表明,既有开槽式轨下垫板外侧边缘发生应力集中容易造成承轨面磨损,枕上压力随扣件刚度增大而明显增加。据此,提出了优化轨下垫板形式、采用弹性轨枕、采用纤维增强预应力混凝土轨枕三种方法来减缓承轨面磨损。优化轨下垫板为无开槽垫板,可使轨下垫板和承轨面应力均匀化,减小二者间接触应力;采用弹性轨枕,可降低枕上压力,进而减缓轨枕承轨面磨损;采用纤维增强预应力混凝土轨枕,可增强承轨面的耐磨损能力。Aiming at the wear problem of sleeper bearing surface of heavy haul railway such as Datong-Qinhuangdao railway and Shuozhou-Huanghua railway,the influence of fastener and ballast bed stiffness on the wear of bearing surface was analyzed through numerical simulation. The results show that the stress concentration on the outer edge of the existing slotted base plate under rail is easy to cause the wear of the rail bearing surface,and the pressure on the sleeper increases significantly with the increase of the fastener stiffness. Accordingly,three methods were proposed to reduce the wear of the bearing rail surface,including optimizing the form of base plate under rail,using elastic sleepers,and using fiber-reinforced prestressed concrete sleepers. Optimizing the base plate under rail as a non slotted base plate can homogenize the stress of the base plate under rail and the rail bearing surface and reduce the contact stress between them. The use of elastic sleepers can reduce the pressure on the sleepers,thereby reducing the wear of the sleeper bearing surface. The use of fiber reinforced prestressed concrete sleepers can enhance the wear resistance of the rail bearing surface.

关 键 词：重载铁路 轨枕 磨损 数值模拟 无开槽轨下垫板 弹性轨枕 纤维增强预应力混凝土轨枕 

分 类 号：U216.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]