瘤胃微生物群对奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒易感性的影响  

Effect of rumen microbiota in the susceptibility of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows

作　　者：李爽 牟瑞营 吐尼牙孜·买买提 赵才军 张乃生 胡晓宇 付云贺 LI Shuang;MU Ruiying;TUNIYAZI Maimaiti;ZHAO Caijun;ZHANG Naisheng;HU Xiaoyu;FU Yunhe(College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Linqu Animal Husbandry Bureau,Linqu,Shandong 261000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学动物医学学院,吉林长春130062 [2]临朐县畜牧局,山东临朐261000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2022年第4期770-779,共10页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31972749,31772812);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020TQ0120)。

摘　　要：为探究奶牛瘤胃细菌和真菌群落组成与奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA)易感性之间的关系,筛选瘤胃靶向微生物,揭示奶牛对SARA耐受的原因。本研究采用高精饲料喂养奶牛6周建立SARA模型,并通过16S rRNA或ITSI-IF测序分析SARA耐受奶牛和SARA易感奶牛的瘤胃细菌和真菌微生物群。16S rRNA序列分析表明,SARA耐受奶牛和SARA易感奶牛的瘤胃细菌群落存在差异,与SARA耐受奶牛相比,SARA易感奶牛瘤胃内未鉴定的螺旋体科(unidentified_Spirochaetaceae)和厌氧小体属(Anaeroplasma)的丰度相对更高。此外,ITS1-IF测序分析表明,与SARA耐受奶牛相比,SARA易感奶牛瘤胃内帚枝霉属(Sarocladium genus)和尖芽孢镰刀菌(Fusarium_oxysporum)的丰度增加,与此同时曲霉菌属(Aspergillus genus)和乳头状瘤菌(Papiliotrema_laurentii)的丰度减少。这些结果表明,奶牛瘤胃中的细菌和真菌群落,特别是unidentified_Spirochaetaceae、Anaeroplasma、Sarocladium、Aspergillus、Fusarium_oxysporum和Papiliotrema_laurentii的丰度可能与奶牛对SARA的易感性有关。综上所述,本研究提示或许可以通过操纵瘤胃微生物群的组成来预防奶牛SARA的发生。Subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA)is a metabolic disease that severely affects animal performance and health.The occurrence of SARA is mainly caused by cows being fed high-concentration diet for a long period of time,but it has been found in clinical practice that under the same feeding conditions,SARA occurs in some cows fed high concentrations,while it does not occur in others.There is growing evidence suggesting that the fermentation efficiency of rumen contents and digestibility of nutrients and immunity of the animal organism are important vital activities,which are closely related to the composition of the rumen microbiota.Thus,we hypothesized that the susceptibility to SARA is related to the rumen microbial community.This study aims to explore the relationship between the composition of rumen bacteria and fungi community and the susceptibility of dairy cows to SARA,to screen rumen-targeted microorganisms and to reveal the tolerance causes of dairy cows to SARA.In this study,SARA models were established in dairy cows fed with high-concentration diet for 6 weeks,and the rumen bacterial and fungal microbiota of SARA-resistant and SARA-prone dairy cows were analyzed by 16 S rRNA or ITSI-IF sequencing.16 S rRNA sequence analysis revealed differences in rumen bacterial communities between SARA-resistant and SARA-prone dairy cows,with relatively higher abundance of unidentified_Spirochaetaceae and Anaeroplasmain the rumen of SARA-prone dairy cows compared to SARAresistant dairy cows.In addition,the ITS1-IF sequencing analysis indicated increased abundance of Sarocladium genus,Fusarium_oxysporumin the rumen of SARA-prone dairy cows compared to SARA-resistant dairy cows,in contrast to decreased abundance of Aspergillus genus and Papiliotrema_laurentii were decreased in abundance.These results suggest that the abundance of unidentified_Spirochaetaceae,Anaeroplasma,Sarocladium,Aspergillus,Fusarium_oxysporum,and Papiliotrema_laurentii may be related to the susceptibility of cows to SARA.To sum up,this study suggests that

关 键 词：奶牛 SARA 易感性 瘤胃微生物 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]