2011年-2020年滨州市手足口病病原学特征分析  

Analysis of pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Binzhou City from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：张静[1] 黄莹[1] 张丽芳[1] 马玉成[1] 尹秀升 ZHANG Jing;HUANG Ying;ZHANG Li-fang;MA Yu-cheng;YIN Xiu-sheng(Binzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Binzhou,Shandong 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州市疾病预防控制中心,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2022年第13期1631-1634,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析2011年-2020年滨州市手足口病病原学特征,为手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集各县区手足口病临床诊断病例样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术进行肠道病毒核酸检测并对结果进行统计学分析。结果10年内,肠道病毒71型(EV-A71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CVA16)和其他肠道病毒三类病原作为滨州市手足口病优势病原交替出现。2017年后其他肠道病毒所占比重逐渐增高。1岁~4岁儿童占手足口病阳性病例数的84.00%,.1岁组阳性病例数最多。滨州市手足口病阳性病例呈主次双峰分布,5月-7月阳性病例数最多。滨州市乡村手足口病阳性病例数远高于城镇,而阳性率低于城镇。结论滨州市手足口病病原谱为多型别共存,其他肠道病毒近年来成为主要的优势病原。应增加病原监测种类,密切监视病原谱变化。加强健康教育,加大手足口病防病宣传力度,重点提高乡村地区医疗卫生机构病例诊断水平及采样规范程度,为全市儿童健康防护提供更优化的社会环境。Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease( HFMD) from 2011 to 2020in Binzhou City,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods We collected the samples of clinical diagnosis cases of HFMD in various districts,detected the enterovirus nucleic acid by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and analyzed the results. Results As dominant pathogens,Enterovirus 71( EV-A71),Coxsackie A16( CVA16) and other Enterovirus emerged alternately within ten years in Binzhou. After 2017,the proportion of other Enterovirus gradually increased. Children aged 1-4 years accounted for 84. 00% of the positive cases of HFMD. The number of positive cases was the largest in the 1-year-old age group. The positive cases of HFMD in Binzhou presented a double-peak distribution pattern,with the highest number of positive cases in May and July. The number of cases in rural areas in Binzhou is much higher than that in cities and towns;Meanwhile,the positive rate is lower. Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of HFMD in Binzhou is multi-type coexistence,but other enteroviruses have become the dominant pathogens in recent years. We should expand the species of pathogen monitoring,and pay more attention on the changes of pathogen spectrum. In order to provide a more optimized social environment for children’s health protection in the city,health education and HFMD prevention publicity should be strengthened. Diagnosis level and sampling standard of medical cases should be improved in rural medical institutions.

关 键 词：手足口病 肠道病毒 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]