基于复合系统模型的环渤海地区港口与城市共生性评价  

Evaluation on Symbiosis between Ports and Cities in Bohai Rim Based on Composite System Model

作　　者：李南 杨翼 张立华 LI Nan;YANG Yi;ZHANG Li-hua(School of Economics,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学经济学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2022年第4期68-73,共6页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(HB20LJ003)。

摘　　要：针对港口城市的发展脉络和关系变迁进行评价,有利于厘清港口城市的演化导向和定位。港城共生因复杂的交互性形成复合系统,只有子系统间协调共生才能实现整体优化。为此,需要识别港口和城市两个子系统的共生关系,以评估其经济关联和交互提升的实际效果。该文在复合系统模型框架下展开港城共生性评价,在利用因子分析法衡量港口与城市整体状况的基础上,先后从静态和动态视角建立港城共生性评价模型,并利用2003-2019年环渤海地区主要港口、城市的数据进行具体测算,采用系统聚类法对港城共生关系进行分类。研究表明:2003-2019年环渤海地区港口和城市的静态共生性普遍提高,动态共生性指标的区分度较大,能更准确地反映港城关系变迁;基于聚类分析将12个样本港口城市的动态共生性分为平衡(天津和青岛)、接近平衡(烟台、唐山和大连)、趋向平衡(日照、黄骅、威海、秦皇岛和营口)、远离平衡(锦州和丹东)4种类型;按照分类治理的理念,不同类型和阶段的港口城市需要依据产业发展实际确定各自的演化方向和路径,并据此提出相关建议。The traceable evaluation on the development context and the relationship changes of port cities is conducive to clarify the guide and orientation of port city evolution.The symbiosis of ports and cities forms a composite system due to complex interaction,and the coordinated symbiosis between subsystems is necessary for overall optimization.Therefore,it is necessary to identify the symbiotic relationship between the two subsystems of port and city in order to evaluate the economic connection and actual effect of interactive promotion.The symbiosis of ports and cities was studied under the framework of composite system model(CSM),and upon the foundation of measuring the overall situation of ports and cities by factor analysis,the symbiosis evaluation model of ports and cities was established from static and dynamic perspectives,and the data of major ports and cities in Bohai Rim from 2003 to 2019 were used for specific calculation,and the symbiosis relationship of ports and cities was classified by systematic clustering method.The results show that the static symbiosis of ports and cities in Bohai Rim from 2003 to 2019 is generally improved,and the distinction of dynamic symbiosis indicators is strong,which can reflect the changes of port city relations more accurately.Based on cluster analysis,the dynamic symbiosis of 12 port cities was divided into four types:balance(Tianjin and Qingdao),near balance(Yantai,Tangshan and Dalian),trend to balance(Rizhao,Huanghua,Weihai,Qinhuangdao and Yingkou)and far from balance(Jinzhou and Dandong).According to the idea of classified governance,for port cities of different types and stages,we should determine their evolution direction and path according to the actual industrial development,and put forward relevant suggestions.

关 键 词：港口城市 共生 复合系统模型 聚类分析 环渤海地区 

分 类 号：F552.7[经济管理—产业经济] F127