轨道交通动力锂离子电池安全性测试标准分析  

Analysis of safety test standard of rail transit power lithium-ion battery

作　　者：赵亚文 黄彧[1,2] 张言茹 ZHAO Yawen;HUANG Yu;ZHANG Yanru(School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University;National Active Distribution Network Technology,Research Center,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院 [2]国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2022年第8期2505-2518,共14页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：机车典型工况构建及多能源耦合机车能量配置及管理技术研究(N2021J031)。

摘　　要：随着锂离子电池在动车组、地铁、有轨电车等轨道交通车辆的不断应用,其在使用过程中的安全性及安全性能评测越来越受到广泛关注,国内外各大标准化组织和应用企业都制定了相应的安全评价标准。本工作详细介绍了国内外轨道交通领域中具有引导性和规范性的现行标准,包括TJ/JW 126—2020、Q/CRRC J39—2019、TJ/JW 127—2020、Q/CRRC J37.1—2019、IEC 62928:2017和IEC 62619:2017,重点在电池单体、电池模块、电池包、电池系统4个层面,从电气安全、机械安全、环境安全3个角度对IEC标准和国内标准的电池安全性能评测方法进行详尽对比分析,辨析国内外在使用范围、测试对象、测试方法以及测试要求等方面的差异性。通过全面分析可以看出,国内标准对于动力锂离子电池在机械、环境、电气3个方面设置的试验项目都较为全面,基本都高于国外标准的要求;而国外标准的试验更侧重于电气安全要求。最后,基于机车车辆和电动汽车使用条件和使用工况的不同,对轨道交通用锂离子电池安全标准的进一步完善提出了改进意见,以提高轨道交通电池系统评测的科学性和针对性,为新型储能系统在轨道交通的应用发展奠定重要的基础。With the continuous application of lithium-ion batteries in EMU,subway,tram,and other rail vehicles,the safety and safety performance evaluation of lithium-ion batteries in use has always been a major concern,and major standardization organizations and application enterprises at home and abroad have developed the corresponding safety evaluation standards.This study briefly introduces the current guidance and normative standards in the field of rail transit at home and abroad,including TJ/JW 126—2020,Q/CRRC J39—2019,TJ/JW 127—2020,Q/CRRC J37.1—2019 and IEC 62928:2017,IEC 62619:2017.This section focuses on the battery monomer,module,and pack,compares and analyzes the battery safety performance evaluation methods of IEC and domestic standards,and presents the differences in the application scope,test objects,test methods,and test requirements at home and abroad.A comprehensive analysis of the three aspects of machinery,environment,and electrical safety requirements reveals that domestic standards for power lithium-ion battery setting test projects are relatively comprehensive and higher than the requirements of foreign standards,but the foreign standard test focus more on the electrical safety requirements.Finally,based on the differences in service and working conditions between the locomotive and electric vehicles,suggestions for further improvement in lithium-ion battery safety standards for rail transit are proposed to evaluate the rail transit battery system more scientifically and targeted and provide a crucial basis for the application and development of new energy storage systems in rail transit.

关 键 词：轨道交通 锂离子电池 安全性 标准 

分 类 号：TM912.2[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]