夏冬季场景下环氧乙烷储罐泄漏事故后果模拟  

Simulation Study on Consequences of Ethylene Oxide Storage Tank Leakage Accidents in Summer and Winter

作　　者：成诚 夏天 庞奇志[1] CHENG Cheng;XIA Tian;PANG Qizhi(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2022年第4期156-162,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：环氧乙烷储罐泄漏扩散后可能会发生中毒、池火灾和蒸汽云爆炸等事故。夏季和冬季的环境因素(温度、风速、风向、湿度)不同,环氧乙烷储罐泄漏扩散后所造成的中毒、池火灾和蒸气云爆炸事故的后果也会随季节发生变化,迫切需要对夏、冬季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏事故后果进行研究。利用ALOHA软件对夏季和冬季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏扩散后可能造成的中毒、池火灾和蒸气云爆炸事故后果进行数值模拟,分别得出夏、冬季场景下环氧乙烷储罐不同孔径泄漏后造成的中毒事故毒性危害范围、池火灾事故热辐射危害范围以及蒸气云爆炸事故产生的冲击波超压危害范围,并对各种事故的危害范围进行了对比分析。结果表明:夏季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏所造成的中毒事故毒性危害范围以及蒸气云爆炸事故产生的冲击波超压危害范围均大于冬季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏,但冬季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏所造成的池火灾事故热辐射危害范围大于夏季环氧乙烷储罐泄漏。该研究结果可为夏、冬季环氧乙烷生产储存的安全管理工作提供依据,对环氧乙烷储罐泄漏事故的预防与控制具有现实意义。Accidents such as poisoning,pool fire and vapor cloud explosion may occur after the leakage and diffusion of ethylene oxide storage tank.Environmental factors in summer and winter(temperature,wind speed,wind direction and humidity),the hazard range of poisoning,pool fire and vapor cloud explosion accidents caused by ethylene oxide tank leakage and diffusion will also change with seasons.It is urgent to study the consequences of ethylene oxide tank leakage accidents in summer and winter.This paper uses ALOHA software to study the poisoning,pool fire and vapor cloud explosion caused by ethylene oxide tank leakage and diffusion in summer and winter.Through numerical simulation,the paper obtains and compares the toxic hazard range caused by different leakage aperture in summer and winter,the thermal radiation hazard range of pool fire and the overpressure hazard range of vapor cloud explosion shock wave.The results show that the toxic hazard range caused by ethylene oxide tank leakage in summer and the shock wave overpressure hazard range caused by vapor cloud explosion accidents are greater than that caused by tank leakage in winter.But the thermal radiation hazard range of pool fire caused by tank leakage in winter is greater than that in summer.The research results can provide reference for the safety management of ethylene oxide production and storage in summer and winter,and have certain practical application value for the prevention and control of ethylene oxide storage tank leakage accidents.

关 键 词：环氧乙烷储罐 泄漏事故后果 危害范围 夏、冬季 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ086.5[化学工程]