皖江典型城市黑臭河道表层沉积物重金属的季节分布特征及其源解析  

Seasonal Distribution and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Black and Odorous Rivers in Typical Cities of Wanjiang River

作　　者：段文松[1,2] 汪玥 黄观超 李婷 王文洁[1] DUAN Wen-song;WANG Yue;HUANG Guan-chao;LI Ting;WANG Wen-jie(Collegeof Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China;Laboratory of Soil and Water Pollution Control and Remediation Engineering in Anhui Province,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第6期1334-1343,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(KJ2020A0078)。

摘　　要：河道黑臭化问题在城市生态文明建设中已成为最为棘手的环境问题,为了更好地了解皖江城市(芜湖)黑臭水体重金属的分布情况和潜在的来源,选择保兴垾黑臭河道作为研究对象,通过室外采集和室内分析,并结合改进的潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物中重金属污染状况进行评价;利用相关性分析和主成分分析解析潜在来源。结果表明:(1)河道内重金属呈现Fe>Zn>Mn>Cr>Cu>Cd的大小特征,均显著超过安徽省土壤背景值,其中Cd富集最明显。除了Cd,其余5种重金属含量均表现出雨季期大于旱季期的特征。(2)形态研究表明,雨季期重金属倾向于从颗粒物表面解吸释放到上覆水中,且各重金属残渣态占比上升。(3)改进的潜在生态风险指数法(MRI)结果表明,Cd污染生态风险占总污染生态风险的绝大部分(贡献率>90%),应重点解决Cd污染。(4)源解析结果表明,Zn、Cu和Cr受周边工业活动的影响,Fe和Mn主要是受自然源和工业源的混合影响,Cd最有可能受到区域农业面源的影响。Black and odorous phenomenon of river is the most intractable environmental problem in the construction of urban ecological civilization. In order to better understand the distribution and potential sources of heavy metals in black and odorous river in Wanjiang City(Wuhu), the black and odorous river in Baoxinghan was selected as the research object. Through the outdoor collection and indoor analysis combined with the modified potential ecological risk index(MRI) method, the contamination status of heavy metals in sediments is evaluated and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis is used to explain potential sources. The results show that:(1) In the river, the content of heavy metals presents the characteristics of Fe>Zn>Mn>Cr>Cu>Cd, which is significantly higher than the soil background value in Anhui Province and Cd is the most enriched among them. Except for Cd, the other five heavy metals all show the characteristic that their content in rainy season are higher than that in dry season.(2) Morphology studies show that heavy metals tend to be desorbed from the surface of particulate matters and released into the overlying water during the rainy season and the proportion of heavy metals in the residue state increases.(3) MRI results show that ecological risk of Cd pollution accounts for the vast majority of the totals(contribution rate> 90%), so the pollution of Cd should be focused to solve.(4) The source appointment results show that Zn, Cu and Cr are affected by surrounding industrial activities, Fe and Mn are mainly affected by the mixture of natural and industrial sources and Cd is most likely to be affected by regional agricultural non-point sources.

关 键 词：黑臭水体 沉积物 重金属 污染评价 溯源分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]