长期有机肥配施化肥对寒区土壤表层及亚表层团聚体中腐殖质的影响  

Effects of Long-term Application of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Humus of Surface and Subsurface Soil Aggregates in Cold Regions

作　　者：侯淑艳[1,2] 马丽娜 窦森 HOU Shuyan;MA Li’na;DOU Sen(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute,Harbin 150070,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]黑龙江省水利科学研究院,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2022年第2期163-169,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504205)。

摘　　要：为了研究长期施肥处理对土壤表层及亚表层团聚体腐殖质组成的影响,以32年长期定位不施肥(ck)、施用氮磷肥(T1)、有机肥(T2)、有机肥与氮磷配施(T3)4个试验处理下的暗棕壤表层(0-20 cm)及亚表层(20-40 cm)团聚体腐殖质组成为研究对象,研究了4种不同处理对暗棕壤表层及亚表层不同粒级团聚体腐殖质组成数量及可溶性物特性的影响。结果表明:有机肥与氮磷配施(T3)可以明显增加表层大团聚体有机碳含量,但不利于亚表层土壤团聚体有机碳含量的积累;表层与亚表层大团聚体(>2 mm、2-0.25 mm)中胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)含量最高;与空白处理(ck)相比,施肥处理促进了表层与亚表层>2 mm大团聚体胡敏素(Hu)数量的增加;所有粒级中表层土壤HA的Δlg K值均高于亚表层。在暗棕壤中,长期连续有机肥与化肥配施对表层与亚表层土壤大团聚体中腐殖质数量提高都具有促进作用,对于改善表层与亚表层土壤结构,增加土壤肥力都具有重要的意义。在农业生产实践中,可以通过有机肥与化肥的配施来提升暗棕壤的土壤肥力。To explore the effects of long-term fertilization on the humus composition of soil surface and subsurface aggregates,taking the humus composition of the aggregates in the surface layer(0-20 cm)and subsurface layer(20-40 cm)of dark brown soil under the four experimental treatments of32-year long-term no fertilization(ck),nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer(T1),organic fertilizer(T2),and organic fertilizer combined with nitrogen and phosphorus(T3)as research object,the effects of four different treatments on the humus composition and soluble material properties of aggregates of different grain sizes in surface and subsurface of dark brown soil were studied.The results showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer(T3)could significantly increase the organic carbon content of surface large aggregates,but it was not conducive to the accumulation of organic carbon content in subsurface layer aggregates.The highest content of HA and FA was found in large aggregates(>2 mm,2-0.25 mm)in both surface and subsurface.Fertilization promoted the increase of Hu in>2 mm large aggregates of surface and subsurface.The height ofΔlg K value of HA in topsoil was higher than that of subsurface,indicating that the molecular structure of HA in topsoil was simpler than that of subsurface.It shows that long-term continuous combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in dark brown soil promotes the amount of humus in large aggregates of surface and subsurface soil.It is of great significance to improve the structure of surface and subsurface soil and increase soil fertility.Therefore,the soil fertility of dark brown soil in actual agricultural production can be improved through the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.

关 键 词：寒区土壤 表层 亚表层 土壤团聚体 腐殖质组成 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]