论“放管服”改革下的环境规制俘获及其防范  

Environmental Regulation Capture and Prevention Under Reform to“Delegate Power,Improve Regulation,and Upgrade Services”

作　　者：唐绍均[1,2] 黄东 Tang Shaojun;Huang Dong(Law School,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044;Western Environmental Resource Protection Legal Research Center)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院,重庆400044 [2]西部环境资源法制建设研究中心

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2022年第6期19-26,共8页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“生态文明与自然资源法治研究”(编号:2021CDJSKPT01);重庆大学决策咨询研究项目“‘生态优先、绿色发展’的理论阐释与制度实现研究”(编号:2018CDJCZX07);重庆市社科规划办哲学社会科学一般项目“习近平总书记‘两山’论重庆实践研究”(编号:2020YBFX41)。

摘　　要：“放管服”改革与环境规制俘获均关乎政府与市场的互动、监管与服务的平衡。在“放管服”改革中,政府通过推行互联网监管、开展信用监管与减少审批事项等措施分别使俘获前提弱化、俘获成本增加、俘获收益减少,对既有样态的环境规制俘获发挥了正向防范效能。然而,环境规制俘获在“放管服”改革下从既有样态向滋生样态的演化,业已显露出俘获类型由“俘获规则执行”转向“俘获规则制定”、俘获结构由“单层俘获”繁化出“分层俘获”等实践隐忧,亟需从“政策推进”向“法治引领”的范式转换、从“地方依赖”到“央地协同”的规范创制两方面着手,对“放管服”改革下滋生样态的环境规制俘获予以针对性防范,以期促进环境保护领域“放管服”改革的进一步深化。The reform to“delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services”and capture of environmental regulations are both related to interaction between government and market and balance between regulation and service.The reform to“delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services”can help prevent existing capture of environmental regulations,but it is hampered by breeding capture of environmental regulations.In the reform to“delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services”,government takes measures such as internet regulation,credit regulation,and reduction of approval items to weaken capture premise,increase capture cost,decrease capture income,and produce positive prevention efficiency for existing capture of environmental regulations.However,the evolution of environmental regulation capture from existing mode to breeding mode in the reform to“delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services”has revealed some practical problems,such as shift of capture type from“capture rule implementation”to“capture rule making”,and shift of capture structure from“single-layer capture”to“double-layer capture”.In order to effectively prevent breeding capture of environmental regulations under the reform to“delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services”,it is suggested that the reform in field of environmental protection shall be further deepened through paradigm-shifting from“policy promotion”to“law guidance”and rule-making from“local dependence”to“central-local coordination”.

关 键 词：“放管服”改革 环境规制:规制俘获理论 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]