持续推进天然橡胶生产保护区工作的思考  

Considerations on Continuously Promoting the Construction of the Natural Rubber Production Protection Zone

作　　者：刘锐金[1] 何长辉[1] 刘东 黄华孙[1] LIU Ruijin;HE Changhui;LI Dong;HUANG Huasun(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science,Haikou 571101,Hainan)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2022年第4期12-21,共10页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费项目(1630022022022,1630022022004);海南省自然科学基金(2019RC325)。

摘　　要：《国务院关于建立粮食生产功能区和重要产品保护区的指导意见》要求划定120万hm2天然橡胶生产保护区,对稳定天然橡胶产业发挥了重要作用。在新发展格局下,国际天然橡胶生产布局没有显著变化,全球供应链的不确定性增加,高品质天然橡胶的竞争程度提高;我国对进口的依赖程度有增无减,进口来源集中度仍处于较高水平,国内基本需求增长预期不变。天然橡胶生产在稳定山区农民收入中的作用依然重要,尤其是边疆和少数民族地区。从国内生产现状来看,以单位面积产量提升天然橡胶产能的难度加大,科技对稳面积、提效益的作用发挥不足,“保面积”对“稳产能”的基础性作用更加明显。当前,需要持续做好天然橡胶生产保护区建设和管护工作,建议彻底厘清胶园分布现状,完善产业支持政策,建立健全天然橡胶生产保护区动态调整机制,强化科技创新和应用。The natural rubber production protection zone of 120 million hectares was decided in a document issued by the State Council, which plays an important role in stabilizing the natural rubber industry. Under the new development pattern, it is found that the global distribution of natural rubber production does not significantly change,and the dependence of domestic supply on imports has increased. The concentration of import sources remains at a high level, and the growth of basic domestic demand is expected to remain unchanged. However, the uncertainty of the global supply chain has been rising, and the degree of competition of high-quality natural rubber increases.Natural rubber in mountainous areas, especially in the border and ethnic minority regions, has been playing a vital important part in stabilizing farmers’ income. From the perspective of domestic production status, it is more difficult to improve natural rubber production capacity by improving yields, while science and technologies play an insufficient role in stabilizing the area and improving benefits. The basic function of protecting area to stabilize productivity is more obvious. The current situations call for continuing to build the production protection zone. It is suggested to thoroughly clarify the distribution status of rubber plantations, improve the supporting policies, establish the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the production protection zone, and to enhance the scientific and technological innovations and extension.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 生产保护区 供需结构 稳面积 第三次国土调查 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]