海南省2011—2019年乙肝流行趋势与特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological trend and characteristics of hepatitis B in Hainan, 2011-2019

作　　者：惠宇 陈碧玉[2] 黄小玲[1] 吴维学[2,4] 徐硕 杨光军 HUI Yu;CHEN Bi-yu;HUANG Xiao-ling;WU Wei-xue;XU Shuo;YANG Guang-jun(Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China;Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China;Hainan Cancer Hospital,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China;Hainan Preventive Medicine Association,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院,海南海口570100 [2]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570100 [3]海南省肿瘤医院,海南海口570100 [4]海南省预防医学会,海南海口570100

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2022年第5期412-417,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：中国乙肝防控科研基金科研课题(No.YGFK20200087);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.20168272);海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(No.JD19-37);海南省哲学社会科学规划课题[No.HNSK(YB)17-49]。

摘　　要：目的 分析海南省2011—2019年乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)流行病学趋势与特征,为制定乙肝防治策略提供科学依据。方法 收集海南省2011—2019乙肝病例报告数据,采用Microsoft Excel 2019、SPSS 22.0软件进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011—2019年海南省共报告乙肝106 576例,年均发病率为130.04/10万,发病率总体呈上升趋势,年均增长速度为8.22%。急性乙肝、慢性乙肝、未分类乙肝分别占发病总数的5.51%、86.03%、8.46%,慢性乙肝发病率呈上升趋势,急性乙肝与未分类乙肝发病率均呈下降趋势。年均发病率居前三位的市(县)依次为五指山市(204.03/10万)、乐东县(184.29/10万)、文昌市(169.73/10万)。发病年龄主要集中在15~59岁人群,共88 758例,占83.28%;15岁以下人群报告病例最少,共668例,占0.63%。男性总发病人数为72 777例,发病率为168.82/10万;女性总发病人数33 799例,发病率为87.01/10万,男女性别比为2.15∶1,男性发病率历年均高于女性。职业中农民、职业不详、家务及待业人员发病人数居前三位,分别占42.05%、17.48%、13.19%,农民各年份乙肝发病数均最高,均占当年发病总数的40%左右。8月份累计报告病例最多,占发病总数的9.14%,全省无明显季节性发病高峰。结论 海南省乙肝总体发病率呈上升趋势,乙肝防治任务严峻,应当在巩固儿童乙肝疫苗预防接种、提升成年人接种率的基础上开展广泛的乙肝筛查,对乙肝患者规范诊治,加强管理,以控制乙肝流行。Objective province from 2011 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for formulating hepatitis B prevention and treatment strategies.Methods epidemiological analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS 22.0 software.Results total of 106 576 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Hainan province, with an average annual incidence of 130.04/100 000,with an overall upward trend and an average annual growth rate of 8.22%. Acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, and unclassified hepatitis B accounted for 5.51%, 86.03%, and 8.46% of the total incidence respectively, the incidence of chronic hepatitis B was increasing, and the incidence of acute hepatitis B and unclassified hepatitis B were decreasing. The top three cities with average annual incidence rate were Wuzhishan(204.03/100 000), Ledong(184.29/100 000) and Wenchang(169.73/100 000). The age of onset was mainly concentrated in people aged 15-59, with a total of 88 758 cases, accounting for 83.28%,and the least reported cases in people under 15 years old, with a total of 668 cases, accounting for 0.63%. The total number of male cases was 72 777 with an incidence of 168.82/100 000, female cases was 33 799, with an incidence of 87.01/100 000, and the gender ratio was 2.15∶1, the incidence of male cases was higher than that of female. Farmers, unknown occupations,houseworkers and unemployed persons ranked the top three in terms of incidence, accounting for 42.05%, 17.48%, and 13.19%respectively. The incidence of hepatitis B in farmers was the highest in each year, accounting for about 40% of the total incidence in that year;The most cases were reported in August, accounting for 9.14% of the total cases, there was no significant seasonal peak in the province.Conclusions task of hepatitis B prevention and control is serious. It is necessary to carry out extensive hepatitis B screening, standardize the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B patients, and strengthen management on the basis of consolidating hepatitis B vaccination in children and increasing

关 键 词：乙肝 发病率 急性乙肝 慢性乙肝 流行趋势 海南省 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]