北京市境外输入新冠肺炎病例流行病学特征及防控措施探讨  

Epidemiological characteristics and control measures of imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing

作　　者：崔甍甍[1] 向珍君[1] 郝喜梅 万立东[1] CUI Meng-meng;XIANG Zhen-jun;HAO Xi-mei;WAN Li-dong(Beijing Emergency Medical Center,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]北京急救中心,北京100031

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2022年第4期320-323,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(No.2021-1G-3032)。

摘　　要：目的 分析北京市境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)病例流行病学特征及口岸防控措施效果,为构建科学有效境外输入疫情防控体系提供参考依据。方法 收集北京市2020年2月29日—2021年10月29日境外输入新冠肺炎病例,从诊断类别、临床分型、人群分布、时间分布、来源国分布、诊疗情况等进行统计分析。结果 境外输入新冠肺炎病例436例,其中确诊病例297例,无症状感染者139例。确诊病例中轻型126例,普通型171例,无重型、危重型病例,无死亡病例。境外输入病例男女比例1.32∶1,年龄中位数28(22,38)岁,以20~<40岁261例,占59.86%。病例来源国分布在48个国家或地区(包括中国台湾、香港),前三位分别为英国(91例,占20.87%)、西班牙(48例,占11.01%)、菲律宾(41例,占9.40%)。境外输入病例入境到诊断时间间隔中位数为4(1,28)d,确诊病例入境到诊断时间间隔短于无症状感染者,差异有统计学意义(t=2.163,P=0.032)。境外输入病例诊断至治愈时间间隔中位数为17(12,28)d,确诊病例诊断至治愈时间长于无症状感染者,差异有统计学意义(t=10.968,P<0.000 1)。结论 北京市境外输入新型肺炎病例具有较明显的流行病学特征,外防输入是疫情防控工作的重点,口岸是重中之重。Objective cases in Beijing, and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of imported COVID-19.MethodsThe data of imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing between 2020.02.29. to 2021.10.29. were collected, and the diagnosis category,clinical classification, population distribution, time distribution, source country distribution, diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results infections. The 171 of confirmed cases were common cases and 126 of the cases were mild cases, no severe critical and fatal cases. Of 436 cases, the ratio of males to females was 1.32:1, the median age was 28(22, 38) years old, mainly were 20-<40years old, accounting for 59.86%(261 cases). The imported cases entered China from 48 counties and districts(including Taiwan, Hong Kong of China), and the top three were from the United Kingdom(91 cases, 20.87%), the Spain(48 cases,11.01%), and the Philippines(41 cases, 9.40%) respectively. The median time between arrive to diagnosis was 4 days(1, 28 d),it took longer time to diagnosis symptomatic infections than confirmed cases(t=2.163, P=0.032). The median time between diagnosis to dischange was 17(12, 28) days, it took shorter time to treat symptomatic infections than confirmed cases(t=10.968,P<0.000 1).ConclusionsThe COVID-19 imported cases have obvious epidemiological characteristics. Prevented imported cases is the focus of epidemic prevention and control, and ports are the top priority.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 境外输入 流行病学特征 口岸防控 

分 类 号：R563.13[医药卫生—呼吸系统]