汉代中原的“胡毡”:民族文化交融的见证  

Hu-Woolen Fabric in Central Plains During the Han Dynasties:the Proof of Cultural Communion between Han People and Other Ethnic Groups

作　　者：王子今 Wang Zijin

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院 [2]“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台、中国人民大学国学院,北京100972

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2022年第4期4-14,154,共12页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大研究专项("兰台学术计划")"中华文明起源与历史文化研究专题"委托项目"中华文化基因的渊源与演进"(项目编号:20@WTC004)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉代丝绸之路开通,促进了民族文化交流。来自草原民族的“毡”,成为中原社会生活用物。“毡”以羊毛等辗轧制成,北地胡人传统以为御寒用物。多有历史文化信息表明,汉代中原社会曾经比较普遍地使用“毡”。典型史例有王褒“荷毡被毳”、曹操“青毡床,褥”、曹丕“以毡为殿”故事等。悬泉置汉简所见“亶舉”,则是“旃藕”即“茵,车中蓐”用“毡”的文物证明。《史记》卷一二九《货殖列传》“旃席千具”“亦比千乘之家”之说,体.现“毡”的价值以及当时社会普遍对“毡”的看重。对中原社会生活中“胡毡”的考察,可以深化丝绸之路史的研究,对于民族关系史和经济史、生活史,也可以增益新的知识。“胡毡”,可以作为中华民族共同体形成进程中体现积极意义的物证。With the opening up of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasties,the cultural interflowing was promoted between Han people and other peoples.Zhan-fabric from the people who lived in the prairies became one ofthe daily articles used in Central Plains society.Zhan-fabric is rllel by wool and furs and is the traditional cold-resisting article of Hu people in the north.Many of the historic cultural messages show that Zhan-fabric was once widely used in the Central Plains society during the Han Dynasties.Some typical historic instances like Wang Bao who wears wool and fur fabric,Cao Cao uses black wool-fabric beddings,and Cao Pei puts up the hall with wool fabric,etc.The Dan Yu which is written on Han Bamboo Slips from Xuan Quan Zhi is the Dan Ruo,also the carpet used in gharries.That's the proof of the usage of Zhan-fabric.In the Historical Records,Volume 129"-Biogrophies of Important Figures in Commerce and Trade,there's a statement that families that possess a thousand woolen fabrics also match those that have a thousand gharries.This embodies the value of Zhan-fabric and the importance of it in Han society.Researches on the Hu-fabric can put the studies on the history of Silk Road forward and increase the knowledge of the history of the peoples'relations,economy,and social life.Hu-fabric can also be regarded as the material evidence that embodies the active meaning that was brought in the formation process of the Chinese Community.

关 键 词：毡 毛制品 胡 中原 亶畢 床褥 毡殿 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]