中国省际人口迁移网络结构及时空演化  

Network Structure and Spatiotemporal Evolution of China’s Interprovincial Migration

作　　者：温锋华[1] 古恒宇 许志斌 WEN Fenghua;GU Hengyu;XU Zhibin(School of Government,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Geography and Resource Management,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China;Faculty of International Tourism and Management,City University of Macao,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学政府管理学院,北京100081 [2]香港中文大学地理与资源管理学系,中国香港999077 [3]澳门城市大学国际旅游与管理学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《经济地理》2022年第6期13-21,54,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174219);第七次全国人口普查重大课题(RKPCZB06);国家自然科学基金—澳门科学技术发展基金(NSFC-FDCT)联合项目(0011/2021/AFJ)。

摘　　要：在第七次全国人口普查数据支持下,文章将以往对中国省际人口迁移网络分析的时间维度延展至1985—2020年,基于复杂网络视角,对人口迁移网络组织结构及时空演化特征展开系统分析。研究发现:(1)人口迁移规模呈现先升后降的趋势,东部沿海发达地区是主要人口迁入地,中部、西部和东北部地区则为主要人口迁出地,且迁移网络呈现显著“小世界”特性;(2)随时间推移,迁移网络分散和空间不平衡程度逐步增强,东北地区面临更严峻的人口外出困境,迁移网络的“小世界”特性先下降后升高;(3)迁移网络结构在1985—1995年呈四社团结构(华北、长江、华南、西北),在1995—2015年呈三社团结构(华北、长江、华南),在2015—2020年呈四社团结构(华北、长江、华南、西部),北京、长三角地区和广东持续是人口迁入核心节点,川渝地区在2015—2020年成为人口迁入中心;(4)人口迁移网络格局演化是改革开放后经济调整、社会转型、政策利导的经济地理投影。Supported by the data of the 7th National Population Census,this paper extends the time dimension of the previous analysis of interprovincial population migration networks in China from 1985 to 2020,and analyzes the population migration network structure and its spatiotemporal evolution patterns from the perspective of complex network.The main findings are:1) The scale of population migration exhibits a trend of increase followed by a decrease,the developed eastern coastal regions are the main immigration destinations and the central,western and northeastern regions being the main emigration destinations,and the migration network shows significant "small-world" characteristics.2) The migration network becomes more fragmented and spatially unbalanced,with the northeastern regions facing the increasingly severe predicament of population loss,while the "small-world" characteristics of the migration network declined firstly and then increased.3) The structure of the migration network shows a four-community pattern(north China,Yangtze River,south China,northwest China) in 1985-1995,a three-community pattern(north China,south China,northwest China) in 1995-2015,and a four-community pattern(north China,Yangtze River,south China,west China) in2015-2020.Beijing,the Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong continue to be the core nodes of population migration,while Sichuan and Chongqing become the centre of population migration in 2015-2020.The migration network structure is the economic,geographical reflection of China’s economic adjustment,social transformation,and favourable policies after the reform and opening-up.

关 键 词：省际人口迁移 第七次全国人口普查 网络格局 时空演化 复杂网络 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]