1990-2020年洞庭湖流域水网格局演变与经济驱动分析  

Spatial-temporal Evolution and Economic Driving Analysis of Water Network Pattern in Dongting Lake Basin from 1990 to 2020

作　　者：杨帆 欧坚港 段宁 赵子羽 YANG Fan;OU Jiangang;DUAN Ning;ZHAO Ziyu(School of Architecture and Art,Central South University,Changsha 410075,Hunan,China;Policy Research Office of the CPC Changsha Municipal Committee,Changsha 410013,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学建筑与艺术学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]长沙市委政策研究室,湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《经济地理》2022年第6期188-197,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72174211、51608535);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3667);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(19YBA347);中南大学研究生教改课题(2020JGB139)。

摘　　要：以洞庭湖流域的岳阳、益阳、常德三市为研究对象,运用NDWI指数、Horton-Strahler水网分级、水网格局指标计算、协调状态评估、多元线性回归分析等方法,探析洞庭湖流域1990—2020年水网空间形态和结构演化特征,揭示水网格局演变的主要经济驱动机制。结果表明:(1)1900—2020年,洞庭湖流域水面率、河网密度和干流面积长度比值等指标均呈现波动减少趋势,水网结构稳定度波动明显,流域水网生态空间出现破碎化和主干化趋势。(2)洞庭湖流域水网生态空间退化呈现明显的空间差异特征,城市间社会经济与水网格局协调关系呈现出“西部>东部>中部”的空间特征。(3)洞庭湖流域水网格局差异演变受到多重因素影响,其中城镇化率是首要因素,也是水网生态空间退化的主要驱动力;产业结构是重要因素,其中第一产业发展对水网格局演变具有正向影响作用;人口数量和经济发展水平是水网空间退化的次要因素。持续的城镇化进程给流域水网生态空间保护带来严峻挑战,未来洞庭湖流域水网治理应重点关注城镇—水网协调发展严重失衡的地区,通过控制负向驱动因素发展来保障流域水生态安全,促进社会经济和水网格局协调发展。Taking Yueyang,Yiyang and Changde cities in Dongting Lake Basin as the research objects,this paper analyzes the spatial morphology and structural evolution characteristics of water network in Dongting Lake Basin from 1990 to2020 by using NDWI index,Horton Strahler water network classification,water network pattern index calculation,coordination status evaluation,multiple linear regression analysis and other methods,and reveals the main economic driving mechanism of water network pattern evolution.The results show that:1) from 1900 to 2020,the indexes such as water surface ratio,river network density and the ratio of main stream area and length in Dongting Lake Basin show a trend of fluctuation and decrease,the stability of water network structure fluctuates obviously,and the ecological space of water network in the basin shows a trend of fragmentation and trunk;2) The ecological spatial degradation of water network in Dongting Lake Basin shows obvious spatial difference characteristics,and the coordination relationship between social economy and water network pattern among cities shows the spatial characteristics of "West > East >middle";3) The differential evolution of water network pattern in Dongting Lake Basin is affected by multiple factors,among which the urbanization rate is the primary factor and the main driving force for the degradation of water network ecological space;Industrial structure is an important factor,in which the development of primary industry has a positive impact on the evolution of water network pattern;Population and economic development level are the secondary factors of spatial degradation of water network.The continuous urbanization process has brought severe challenges to the ecological space protection of the water network in the basin.In the future,the water network governance in the Dongting Lake Basin should focus on the areas where the coordinated development of towns and water networks is seriously unbalanced,ensure the water ecological security of the basin by controlling th

关 键 词：城镇化 水网格局 时空演变 洞庭湖流域 经济驱动 

分 类 号：K928.43[历史地理—人文地理学]