内嵌冷却流道的双梯形非均匀产热体构形设计  

Constructal Design of Double-trapezoidal Non-uniform Heat-generating Body Inserted With Cooling Channels

作　　者：尤江 陈林根 冯辉君 童大鹏 陈霁恒 丁志龙 YOU Jiang;CHEN Lingen;FENG Huijun;TONG Dapeng;CHEN Jiheng;DING Zhilong(Naval Petty Officer Academy,Mechanical and Electrical Department,Bengbu 233010,China;Institute of Thermal Science&Power Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]海军士官学校机电系,蚌埠233010 [2]武汉工程大学热科学与动力工程研究所,武汉430205 [3]武汉工程大学机电工程学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2022年第7期1923-1928,共6页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51779262,No.51579244)。

摘　　要：针对电子器件非均匀发热问题,建立双梯形非均匀产热体三维稳态流动与传热模型,以最大温差与耗功率的复合函数为优化目标,基于COMSOL Multiphysics 5采用有限元方法,在不同产热分布条件下得到双梯形产热体内部冷却流道的最优构形,在此基础上分析非均匀产热系数、冷却流道入口宽高比和出口宽高比等参数对构形优化结果的影响。进一步,采用NSGA-II算法对该多目标问题进行优化并得到了不同产热分布条件下的Pareto最优解集。结果表明:以单自由度开展构形设计时,合理选择冷却流道直径可使产热体内的最大温差与耗功率取得最佳折中;非均匀产热系数的增大对于双梯形产热体结构演化的影响体现在冷却流道入口处宽度向小于出口处宽度变化的趋势;当冷却水入口处的宽度较大时,若盲目地增大产热非均匀性,则远离冷却水入口处的端点得不到有效散热,反而会造成对流传热性能的恶化。For the problem of non-uniform heat generation of electronic devices,a three-dimensional steady-state flow and heat transfer model of double-trapezoidal non-uniform heat generating body is established.The composite function yielded by maximum temperature difference and power consumption is taken as the optimization objective.By resorting to COMSOL Multiphysics 5,the finite element method is adopted.The optimal construct of the internal cooling channels inserted into the double-trapezoidal heat generating body is obtained under different heat generating distribution.On this basis,the effects of the non-uniform heat generating coefficient,the cooling channel inlet aspect ratio and the outlet aspect ratio on the constructal optimization results are analyzed.Further,the NSGA-II algorithm is used to optimize the multi-objective problem and the Pareto optimal solution sets under different heat generating distribution are obtained.The results indicate that as the constructal design is carried out with a single degree-of-freedom,a reliable choice of the diameter of cooling channels can achieve the optimal trade-off between the maximum temperature difference and the power consumption in the heat generating body;the influence of the increase of the non-uniform heat generating coefficient on the structure evolution of the double-trapezoidal heat generating body is reflected in the trend that the width of the cooling channel inlet lessen than that of the outlet;as the width of the cooling water inlet is larger,if the non-uniform heat generating coefficient is blindly increased,the end points far away from the cooling water inlet will not get effective heat dissipation,which will lead to the deterioration of the convective heat transfer performance.

关 键 词：构形理论 对流换热 梯形单元 非均匀产热 冷却流道 

分 类 号：TK12[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]