珍贵的文献遗产何以被保存——马克思恩格斯手稿纪事  

How the Valuable Literary Legacy Survived: A Review of the Preservation of the Manuscripts by Marx and Engels

作　　者：徐觉哉[1] XU Juezai(Center for World Socialism Studies,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Huangpu,Shanghai 200020)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院国外社会主义研究中心,上海黄浦200020

出　　处：《中国延安干部学院学报》2022年第1期67-81,90,共16页Journal of China Executive Leadership Academy Yan’an

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯文献遗产是马克思主义学说的完整体现。马克思恩格斯手稿变迁,展示了一幕幕生动的历史场景:马克思生前委托女儿爱琳娜和恩格斯共同处理自己全部文稿;恩格斯为马克思手稿收集、整理和出版事业贡献余生,并为身后处理手稿立下遗嘱;德国社民党成为手稿的主要发表者;十月革命后,苏维埃不惜花费重金寻找和复制手稿;法西斯铁蹄下马克思恩格斯文献档案在西欧辗转迁徙;德国社民党把无价之宝卖给荷兰阿姆斯特丹;《马克思恩格斯全集》历史考证版历经坎坷,先后出版两个版本。《共产党宣言》手稿等两份珍贵文献荣登《世界记忆名录》。The literary legacy of Marx and Engels is an indispensable embodiment of Marxism. The manuscripts by Marx and Engels went through a series of uneventful episodes. Before his death, Marx entrusted all of his manuscripts to his daughter Eleanor and Engels. Engels indeed dedicated the rest of his life to collecting,compiling and publishing them, and made arrangement for the manuscripts in his will. The Social Democratic Party of Germany acquired the publishing rights of the manuscripts after Engels’ death. After the October Revolution,the Soviet Union sought to acquire and duplicate the manuscripts at a great cost. During the heyday of Fascism, the archival documents by Marx and Engels were transferred from place to place across Western Europe. Later, the German Social Democratic Party sold the valuable documents to Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Hence, through twists and turns, MEGA, the Complete Works of Marx and Engels, was published in two versions, successively. Two pieces of the precious literature, including the manuscript of The Communist Manifesto, were included in the Memory of the World Register.

关 键 词：马克思 恩格斯 手稿 保存 文献 

分 类 号：A8[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]