由“随奏随行”到“动辄纷争”:明代解盐行销区的调整  

From Instant Adjustment to Frequent Disputes:Adjustment of Jie Salt Sales Area in Ming Dynasty

作　　者：夏强 Xia Qiang

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学历史文化学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《学术研究》2022年第7期128-138,178,共12页Academic Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“明代盐税改革与社会税负研究”(21CZS026)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明初解盐的行销区先增后减,屡有调整,是时大臣建议随奏随行,无所阻滞。嘉隆之时,河东与两淮的盐官围绕南阳、汝宁二府归属问题不断上疏,结果各得一府之地。隆庆四年解池遭遇水灾,盐产骤降,河南境内私枭肆行。多方围绕开封、归德二府的市场争执不休,过程一波三折。最终豫省官员和豫籍官员联袂而行取得胜利,二府得以由解盐改食芦盐和鲁盐,河东盐官则通过内阁诸臣的关系获得了大量的税收减免。解盐行销区调整之所以呈现出越发困难的局面,表面上是明廷基于产量的不断调整,实际上是明代盐税税制变化之后,官僚体系在财税压力之下博弈过程愈发复杂的外在表现。清承明制,利弊相袭,故而各地关于行销区的纷争仍然频繁出现。The system of zoning salt sales is not only the basis of salt in the past,but also the intersection of the interests of all parties.In the early Ming Dynasty,the sales area of Jieyan decreased first and then increased,and the imperial court adjusted it rapidly and frequently according to the suggestions of the ministers.During the Jiajing and Longqing periods,the salt officials of Hedong and Huaihe argued about the markets of the two places and finally divided them equally.In the fourth year of Longqing,Jiechi was hit by flood,salt production dropped sharply,and the salt market of Henan Province was destroyed.Many parties argued about the market ownership of Kaifeng and Guide,and the process was twists and turns.Officials of Henan Province and officials from Henan Province worked together to achieve the final victory.The two prefectures were able to change to Shandong Salt and Changlu Salt,and the officials in Hedong obtained a large number of tax breaks through the relationship of the Cabinet.The reason why the adjustment of the salt-removing marketing area has become more and more difficult is that on the surface it is constantly adjusted due to the output,but in fact,it is the external manifestation of the bureaucratic system becoming more and more complicated in the game process under the pressure of finance and taxation after the change of the salt tax system in the Ming Dynasty.The Qing Dynasty inherited the Ming Dynasty’s system of pros and cons,so there were frequent competitions for salt sales areas.

关 键 词：明代 解盐 行销区 户部 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]