仲-正氢转化及释冷效应利用研究进展  

Research progress of parahydrogen to orthohydrogen conversion and utilization of cooling effect

作　　者：孟垂举 张亮 汪彬 黄永华[1,2] Meng Chuiju;Zhang Liang;Wang Bin;Huang Yonghua(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;Joint Laboratory of Cryogenic Power Technology for Aerospace Systems,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所,上海200240 [2]宇航系统低温动力技术联合实验室,上海201108 [3]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201108

出　　处：《低温与超导》2022年第6期71-83,共13页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

基　　金：上海航天先进技术联合研究基金(USCAST2019-4);上海市航空航天智能制造专业技术服务平台项目(19DZ2291400)资助。

摘　　要：面向液氢燃料高效贮存、运输和利用各环节对低温绝热的特殊需求,以仲-正氢转化释冷过程为主要研究对象,总结了仲-正氢转化的适用条件、转化速率及其在多种应用场景中的应用方式。依据有无催化剂的区别,分别对自转化过程及催化转化过程的使用条件及转化速率进行了总结,并归纳了常见催化剂类型;根据氢储能的适用温区,分别对液氢、低温压缩氢及吸附储氢三种储氢方案中的仲-正氢转化释冷过程进行了总结分析,并从仲-正氢转化器结构、组分测量方法、释冷量大小等方面综述了仲-正氢转化的研究现状,分析了转化释冷量对延长氢储能时长的贡献率。Based on the special demand for cryogenic insulation for efficient storage, transportation, and utilization of liquid hydrogen, the application conditions, conversion rates, and application methods of parahydrogen to orthohydrogen conversion were summarized in various application scenarios. According to the presence or absence of a catalyst, the application conditions and conversion rates of the self-conversion process and the catalytic conversion process were summarized, as well as the common catalyst types. According to the temperature range of hydrogen energy storage, the parahydrogen to orthohydrogen conversion and cooling process in three storage schemes, namely liquid hydrogen, low-temperature compressed hydrogen, and adsorption hydrogen storage, were summarized and analyzed. The advances in parahydrogen to orthohydrogen conversion were reviewed from the aspects of the structure of the converter, the measurement method of components, and the amount of cooling capacity. In addition, the contribution rate of the cooling capacity of the conversion to prolonging the duration of hydrogen energy storage was analyzed.

关 键 词：正氢 仲氢 催化剂 转化释冷 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工]