农民基本健康权利保障体系建构与演进逻辑——“防大疫克常疾”实践经验探索  

The Logic of the Construction and Evolution of the System of Protection of Farmers'Basic Health Rights

作　　者：尚虎平 黄六招 Shang Huping;Huang Liuzhao

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院,天津300071 [2]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2022年第6期122-138,207,共18页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立以来,着力根治因大疫与常疾导致的人民健康水平不佳、平均寿命过低问题,在很大程度上成为保障人民基本健康权利的核心任务。党和政府首先面向农村地区,推进农民基本健康权利保障体系建构,一种兼顾“防大疫克常疾”的健康权利保障体系建构事业开启并不断发展,它经历了从初步探索、全面推进、分散探索、政策创新到制度升级的演进轨迹。这种权利保障的发展演进逻辑,不仅遵循马克思主义基本原理,而且以组织记忆方式将防大疫克常疾链接为整体。中国农民基本健康权利保障体系的建构,使得防大疫各类“专用资产”合理地转化为常规性医疗保障资源,并通过社会主义宏观调控优势保证了防大疫克常疾的“预算拆用权”,进而形成了行动性增量保障农民基本健康权利体系建构的中国路径。为提升农民基本健康权利保障水平,我们要继续推进农村防大疫克常疾工作的一体化步伐,将组织记忆的经验予以制度化,从而进一步实现城乡居民健康服务均等化。Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,protecting the basic health rights of the people by striving to eradicate the problems of poor health and low average life expectancy caused by pandemics and common diseases has become a core task.The Communist Party of China and the Chinese government first promoted the construction of a protection system for farmers’ basic health rights in rural areas.A health protection system taking into account the“prevention of major epidemics and elimination of common diseases”was launched and developed.It has gone through a trajectory of initial exploration, comprehensive promotion,decentralized exploration,policy innovation and systemic upgrades.The logic of the development and evolution of the protection this right not only follows the basic principles of Marxism,but also links the prevention of major epidemics and elimination of common diseases through organizational memory.The construction of this protection system has enabled the rational transformation of various “special assets”for the prevention of major epidemics into regular medical protective resources.It has also ensured the “right to budgetary dismantling and reuse”for prevention of major epidemics and elimination of common diseases thanks to the advantages of socialist macro-control.The Chinese path of constructing a basic health protection system for farmers thus took shape.In order to raise the level of protection of farmers’ basic health rights,we have to continue to promote the integration of the work of prevention of major epidemics and elimination of common diseases and institutionalize the experience of organizational memory,so as to further equalize health services for urban and rural residents.

关 键 词：农民基本健康权利保障体系 防大疫克常疾 组织记忆 基本公共服务均等化 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] R-05[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]