可重复使用垫板的铝合金纵缝焊接制造技术  

Welding manufacturing technology of longitudinal seam of aluminum alloy with reusable backing plate

作　　者：史建涛[1] 杨学锋[1] 浦江[1] SHI Jiantao;YANG Xuefeng;PU Jiang(Special Equipment Safety Supervision and Inspection Research Institute of Jiangsu province Suzhou branch,Suzhou 215031,Jiangsu pro.,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院苏州分院,江苏苏州215031

出　　处：《焊接技术》2022年第5期78-83,I0008,共7页Welding Technology

基　　金：江苏省市场监督局科研项目(KJ196042)。

摘　　要：铝合金材料由于其特有的物理和化学特性被广泛用于制冷和空分行业的压力容器制造,大直径铝合金无缝管由于成本较高且供货周期长,因此压力容器制造企业大都选择用铝合金板卷制,然后焊接纵焊缝的方式制作大直径铝合金筒体。由于铝合金焊接工艺的要求,传统的筒体纵焊缝一般采用不锈钢垫板,确保焊透并兼顾散热功能,但是垫板材料消耗巨大。本项目从影响焊接时垫板散热性能的参数出发,利用有限元分析软件比较焊接垫板材料、垫板厚度及坡口形式的选择对于散热效果的影响,在此基础上开发了可重复使用的铜垫板焊接专机,既可以替代传统不锈钢垫板的工艺功能,又减小了垫板材料的消耗,非常利于降低制造成本,提高生产效率。Due to its unique physical and chemical properties,aluminum alloy materials were widely used in the manufacturing of pressure vessels in refrigeration and air separation industries. Due to the high cost and long supply cycle,most pressure vessel manufacturers choose to roll aluminum alloy plates and then weld longitudinal welds to make large-diameter aluminum alloy cylinders. Due to the requirements of aluminum alloy welding process,the traditional longitudinal weld of cylinder generally adopted stainless steel backing plate to ensure penetration and heat dissipation,but the material consumption of backing plate was huge. Starting from the welding parameters affecting the heat dissipation performance of the welding backing plate,the finite element analysis software was used to compare the influence of the selection of welding backing plate material,backing plate thickness and groove type on the heat dissipation effect. On this basis,a reusable copper backing plate welding tooling is developed,which could not only replace the process function of the traditional stainless-steel backing plate,but also save the consumption of backing plate materials,it was very helpful to reduce manufacturing cost and improve production efficiency.

关 键 词：铝合金筒体 焊接垫板 散热效果 有限元分析 焊接专机 

分 类 号：TG457.14[金属学及工艺—焊接]