基于风险分担视角的农地抵押贷款技术效率及模式差异研究  

Research on Technical Efficiency and Mode Difference of Farmland Mortgage Loan Based on the Perspective of Risk Sharing

作　　者：彭艳玲 廖泓博 张珩 PENG Yan-ling;LIAO Hong-bo;ZHANG Heng

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学经济学院 [2]中国社会科学院金融研究所

出　　处：《农村金融研究》2022年第6期48-59,共12页Rural Finance Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“农村承包土地经营权抵押贷款信用风险生成机理及分担机制研究”(编号:71903141);国家自然科学基金青年项目“法人治理、产权改革对农村信用社双重绩效的影响:机理研究与实证检验”(编号:71903151);中国博士后科学基金面上项目“产权管制下的农地经营权抵押贷款信用风险度量及控制研究”(编号:2019M653834XB)的研究成果。

摘　　要：区别于以往从需求方评价农地抵押贷款技术的运行效果,立足风险分担视角,文章探索性地将农地抵押贷款模型划分为“直接抵押”“抵押+保险”“抵押+担保”“抵押+担保+保险”四种,并基于四川省农村金融改革试验区1620笔农户贷款调查数据,采用三阶段DEA模型分别测算出四种不同模式下的农地抵押贷款技术效率,深入探讨了差异化农地抵押贷款模式的优化路径。研究发现,试点阶段的农地抵押贷款规模效应较为明显,但其技术效率较低,且易受农村居民人均可支配收入、风险补偿基金规模、区域耕地规模、区域农地抵押贷款规模外部环境因素的影响;不同模式下的农地抵押贷款技术效率均存在明显差异,其中“抵押+担保”技术效率最高,“直接抵押”技术效率最低。据此,从健全风险管理机制、提升经营权价值公信力、改善产权交易生态环境等方面提出政策建议以增加贷款供给。Unlike the previous studies of technical efficiency emphasizing on demand side,we focus on the supply side of assessing technical efficiency.This paper aims to study the mode of farmland management right mortgages(FMRMs),the measurement of FMRMs and their improvement path.Based on the perspective of risk sharing holder,we classified the FMRM modes into four categories including “Direct Mortgage”,“Mortgage +Insurance”,“Mortgage+ Guarantee”,and “Bank +Guarantee + Insurance”.Three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis model is employed to measure the technical efficiency by using the 1620 surveyed FMRM cases from typical rural finance reform areas in Sichuan province.Results show that the technical efficiency of FMRMs mode is inefficient,while the scale effect is relative significant.Moreover,the external factors including the scale of risk compensation funds,regional areas of farmland and regional farmland mortgage loans as well as the per capita disposable income of rural residents are significantly correlated with the technical efficiency.Eventually,the technical efficiency of four categories of FMRMs mode show significant differences.Amongst them,the technical efficiency of “Mortgage+ Guarantee”mode is higher than others’,while the technical efficiency of “Direct Mortgage” mode is lower than others’.Hence,policies aiming to increase the supply of FMRM are proposed,including improving the management mechanism of risk,the credibility of FMRM,and the ecological environment of property transaction.

关 键 词：农地抵押 贷款模式 技术效率 模式差异 三阶段DEA模型 

分 类 号：F832.43[经济管理—金融学] F321.1