苦杏仁的炮制历史沿革考据  

Textual research on historical evolution of Armeniacae Semen Amarum processing

作　　者：鞠建峰[1] 张德珂[1] JU Jianfeng;ZHANG Deke(Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学附属医院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《药学研究》2022年第7期462-466,共5页Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

基　　金：2019年全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(No.T20194828003);山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(No.2013-063);山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(No.2019-1050)。

摘　　要：苦杏仁临床应用历史悠久,炮制方法繁多,作者通过查阅历代本草、医书古籍及文献资料,对苦杏仁的古代炮制历史沿革进行总结,并整理了历版《中国药典》以及全国各省市中药饮片炮制规范中苦杏仁的炮制品规及炮制方法,全面总结了苦杏仁的炮制历史。经考证,历代医书古籍记载苦杏仁的炮制方法主要有汤浸、研、清炒、麸炒、面炒、焙制、蒸法、药汁制、煨制、酒制、盐制、制霜等,历版《中国药典》收载主要有燀法、炒法,各省市中药饮片炮制规范中主要收载有燀法、炒法、蒸法、制霜等。古代苦杏仁“汤浸去皮尖”“得火良”理论基本与现在的“燀法”“杀酶保苷”研究一致,为苦杏仁饮片炮制工艺和质量标准进一步研究提供参考和历史依据。Armeniacae Semen Amarum had a long history in clinical use,and there were many processing methods.The author summarized the historical evolution of Armeniacae Semen Amarum ancient processing through consulting ancient medical books and literature materials.This study reviewed the processing varieties and processing methods of Armeniacae Semen Amarum in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the processing standards of Chinese herbal pieces in different provinces.According to textual research,the processing methods of Armeniacae Semen Amarum included hot water immersion,grinding,stir-frying,bran stir-frying,flour stir-frying,baking,steaming,medicine juice,simmer,wine,salt,powder making etc in consulting ancient medical books.The mainly processing methods contained blanching and stir frying in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.In addition,there were blanching,stir frying,baking,powder making,etc in the processing standards of Chinese Herbal Medicine Decoction Pieces.The ancient processing theory of Armeniacae Semen Amarum is basically consistent with the present research.This paper provided reference and historical basis for further study on processing technology and quality standard of Armeniacae Semen Amarum.

关 键 词：苦杏仁 炮制 历史沿革 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]