板块周期训练理论视域下高校铁人三项运动员赛前体能训练方法探析  

A Study of the Pre-Competition Physical Training Method for Triathletes in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Block Periodization Training Theory

作　　者：蒋政军 陶焘 武明霞 刘忱 Jiang Zhengjun;Tao Tao;Wu Mingxia;Liu Chen(Beijing Normal University-College of P.E.and Sports,Beijing 100089,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100089 [2]湖州师范学院体育学院,浙江湖州313000 [3]广东省黄村体育训练中心,广东广州510630

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2022年第7期172-174,210,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：北京师范大学2022年青年教师教学发展基金项目(项目编号:2022107)。

摘　　要：高校铁人三项运动员由于训练条件的限制和学训矛盾的冲突,导致大学期间训练不够系统,训练计划不能如期实施,各子项训练分离割裂,最终专项竞技能力下降明显,竞赛成绩下滑。为帮助这些运动员在竞赛中取得预期成绩,本文运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、跟踪观察法,分析高校铁人三项运动员特点,探究板块周期训练理论在其赛前体能训练设计中的应用,以板块训练理论的指导思想设计高效的赛前体能训练方案。研究表明,板块周期训练通常由积累板块、转换板块和实现板块构成。赛前训练的积累板块应整合各单项能力,增加连项训练,以一般耐力、力量耐力为核心;在转换板块,以连项训练为基础,重点发展运动员乳酸耐受力、乳酸清除能力与速度耐力;在实现板块,应多采用模拟比赛方法,发展速度素质和战术能力。Due to the limitation of training conditions and conflicts between learning and training,training of triathletes in colleges and universities is not systematic enough,and the multi-year training plan cannot be implemented as scheduled,and training of the three sports is separated,thus causing significant decline of competitive abilities and worse competition results.In order to help them achieve ideal results in the competition,this study presents an analysis of the characteristics of triathletes in colleges and universities and explores the application of block periodization training theory in the design of their pre-competition fitness training,by using the methods of literature materials,expert interviews and follow-up observation.Findings show that block periodization training is usually composed of accumulation phase,transformation phase and realization phase.The accumulation phase of pre-competition training should integrate individual abilities and increase continuous training,focusing on general endurance and strength endurance.In the transformation phase,based on the continuous training,focus on developing athletes’lactic acid tolerance,lactic acid removal ability and speed endurance.In the realization phase,simulation competition methods should be used more to develop speed quality and tactical ability.

关 键 词：板块周期训练理论 高校铁人三项运动员 赛前训练 体能训练 

分 类 号：G888.1[文化科学—体育训练]