2018-2020年烟台市城区中小学生常见病检测结果分析  

Analysis of detection results of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in urban area of Yantai from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：邵潇 朱思谨 初天慈 魏飞 胡乃宝 Shao Xiao;Zhu Sijin;Chu Tianci;Wei Fei;Hu Naibao(College of Public Health and Management,Binzhou Medical University,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院公共卫生与管理学院,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2022年第3期207-210,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

摘　　要：目的了解烟台市城区中小学生的生长发育情况和健康状况,分析中小学生常见病的患病情况及变化规律,为相关部门开展中小学生常见病的防治工作提供依据。方法将2018—2020年烟台市城区中小学生的健康体检资料按照不同学段、不同年龄分组,应用SPSS 20.0对龋齿、超重、肥胖、视力不良检出率进行分析,对超重和肥胖检出率与年龄之间的关系采用Spearman相关性分析。结果烟台市城区中小学生的龋齿、超重、肥胖、视力不良检出率分别为31.28%、17.49%、18.78%、73.11%,小学生龋齿检出率最高,为41.41%;超重率随年龄增加呈现出上升趋势,肥胖率则呈下降趋势,年龄与超重(r=0.680,P<0.05)和肥胖(r=-0.764,P<0.05)检出率呈中等程度相关性;高中生视力不良检出率最高。中小学生龋齿、超重、肥胖和视力不良检出率均存在性别差异,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论烟台市城区中小学生常见病问题比较严重,小学生龋齿和高中生视力不良问题比较突出。应针对不同学生人群有针对性地开展健康教育与健康宣传,改变不良学习与生活习惯。Objective To understand the growth and health status of primary and secondary school students in Yantai,analyze the prevalence and change rules of common diseases in primary and secondary school students,to provide basis for relevant departments to carry out the prevention and treatment of common diseases in primary and secondary school students.Methods The physical examination data of primary and secondary school students in urban areas of Yantai from 2018 to 2020 were divided into groups according to different grades and ages.SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the detection rates of dental caries,overweight,obesity and poor vision,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age and the detection rates of overweight and obesity.Results The detection rates of dental caries,overweight,obesity and poor vision were 31.28%,17.49%,18.78%and 73.11%,respectively.Primary school students had the highest caries detection rate(41.41%).The overweight rate increased with the increase of age,while the obesity rate decreased.Age was moderately correlated with overweight(r=0.680,P<0.05)and obesity(r=-0.764,P<0.05).Senior high school students had the highest detection rate of poor eyesight.There were significant gender differences in the detection rates of dental caries,overweight,obesity and poor vision among primary and middle school students(P<0.001).Conclusion The common diseases of primary and secondary school students in Yantai are serious,dental caries of primary school students and poor vision of secondary school students are more prominent.Health education and health propaganda should be carried out for different students to change bad study and living habits.

关 键 词：中小学生 常见病 检出率 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]