宁夏地区汉代丝绸之路沿线村落遗址空间分布及其影响因素分析  

Spatial distribution and influencing factors of village sites along the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty in Ningxia

作　　者：李冀宁 刘晚莹 LI Jining;LIU Wanying(Northwest Institute of Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2022年第4期1291-1301,共11页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD1100901);国家社会科学基金西部项目(19XZS033);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2019TS128)资助。

摘　　要：主要运用历史文献分析法和GIS空间分析法,总结宁夏地区汉代丝绸之路沿线98个村落遗址空间分布特征。结果表明:该区域村落遗址空间上已呈现1个集聚中心和4个次集聚中心,且在今固原市辖域内形成一处“西北—东南”空间集聚分布区。古遗址具有较为明显的濒水特征,距水源1 km以内者占总数的54.08%,且多集中于坡度2°~6°的丘陵、台地阳坡上。为更加准确地探求自然环境和人文社会各影响因子对研究区域内村落遗址空间格局的影响作用,故引入地理探测器予以分析。可知除以水源为典型代表的自然环境等要素制约村落的形成与发展外,中心聚落和交通区位共同构成主要影响因素,前者更是主导因素。至迟于汉代,已出现人文社会诸要素对村落选址分布的决定程度远超自然环境各要素这一变化趋势。The issue of the Silk Road has always been a hotspot in the field of history;however, comprehensive quantitative research is lacking in the spatiotemporal divisions of the villages in the Middle Ages along the Silk Road. This knowledge gap needs to be addressed in research on the Silk Road. Ancient villages were more widespread than the majority of the medium-sized cities, as indicated throughout history. A village is not only a place where people work, live, and perform various social activities but also a microcosm of the ancient middleand lower-class society. It carries rich and broad historical information and cultural connotations. Furthermore,villages are primarily established by geography or blood relationships and have maintained the cultural and national identities of Chinese descendants for thousands of years. Considering 98 village sites along the Silk Road in the Han Dynasty, Ningxia as an example, this study comprehensively uses historical literature analysis, Geographic Information Systemspatial analysis, and geographical detector technology to restore and summarize the overall spatial distribution characteristics of villages for the selection of basic geographic information of village sites and the preliminary vectorization of relevant auxiliary analysis data such as topography, water sources, roads, and cities. Furthermore, this study analyzes and explores the six influencing factors, namely, slope, aspect, fluctuation, water source, traffic location, and central city, and their determination degree on the spatial distribution of village sites. Results show one agglomeration center and four subagglomeration centers in the area, and a northwest-southeast spatial agglomeration area is formed in the jurisdiction of Guyuan City. The ancient ruins have obvious water-enduring characteristics, accounting for 54.08% of the total population within 1 km of the water source, and are mostly concentrated on hills and sunny terraced slopes of 2°-6°. In addition to the natural environment and other factors tha

关 键 词：汉代 丝绸之路 村落遗址 空间分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234[历史地理—历史学]