物种生境适宜性模型及验证的研究进展  

Research progress of species habitat suitability models and their verification

作　　者：白君君 侯鹏 赵燕红 徐海涛 张兵 BAI Jun-jun;HOU Peng;ZHAO Yan-hong;XU Hai-tao;ZHANG Bing(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Satellite Enrironment Application Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Bejing 100094,China;School of Earth Science and Mapping Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Bejing 100083,China;College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]生态环境部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [4]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第7期1423-1432,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500206,2017YFC0506506)资助。

摘　　要：物种生境适宜性模型是物种分布区域识别及其变化分析的重要手段,为生物多样性保护提供着科学依据。由于研究对象和区域的不同,开展物种生境适宜性评价时所采用的模型会有所不同,其适用性和有效性也需要进一步验证评估,模型的预测效果是需要关注的问题。本文系统梳理了生境适宜性模型研究及其应用的国内外文献资料,将生境适宜性模型概括为三大类:机理模型、统计模型、生态位模型,基于应用案例讨论了不同生境适宜性模型建立的基础、代表性方法、优点和不足。针对物种生境适宜性模型的评估和验证的研究进展,重点围绕物种分布样本数据的获取、环境变量的选择两个方面进行了分析。最后,展望了不同尺度下研究区域的物种生境适宜性模型的选择问题、不同研究对象的生活习性对模型环境变量选择的影响以及未来物种生境适宜性模型发展方向等。The species habitat suitability models are used to evaluate the suitability of species habitat,the research results of which can provide scientific basis for biodiversity conservation.The models used in assessment of species habitat suitability will depend on research objects and regions.Therefore,the applicability and effectiveness of the models also need further verification and evaluation.Meanwhile,the predictive effect of the models also needs attention.By systematically combing the literature on habitat suitability model research and its application,we summarized the habitat suitability models as mechanism models that do not require presence/absence data,statistical models that require presence/absence data,and ecological niche models that only require presence data.We discussed the basis,representative methods,the advantages and disadvantages of the three types of habitat suitability models with case studies.Then,we focused on the analysis and discussion around the acquisition of species distribution sample data and the selection of environmental variables.Finally,we discussed the selection of species habitat suitability models at different research scales and the influence of different research objects’living habits on the selection of environmental variables.We proposed the future development direction of species habitat suitability models.

关 键 词：生境适宜性评价 物种分布模型 生物多样性保护 模型选择 模型验证 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]